Esophageal cancer can be clearly diagnosed through clinical symptoms and signs, combined with imaging examination and endoscopic examination, so as to accurately determine whether esophageal cancer occurs or not. 1. Clinical symptoms and signs: typical symptoms of esophageal cancer include progressive dysphagia. Early stage patients usually have no obvious features, but in middle and late stage patients may have enlarged lymph nodes in neck or supraclavicular region. 2. Imaging examination: imaging examination modalities that can be used to diagnose esophageal cancer mainly include upper gastrointestinal imaging, CT, MRI, ultrasonography and so on. 3. Endoscopic examination: endoscopic examination means such as common endoscopy of esophagus and ultrasonic endoscopy of esophagus are of great significance to the diagnosis of esophageal cancer. Esophageal endoscopic biopsy is the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of esophageal cancer. If there is any discomfort, consult a doctor in time. Scientific and comprehensive examination is the only way to diagnose esophageal cancer clearly, and once diagnosed, individuals should cooperate with doctors to use individualized treatment according to the clinical pathological stage.