Although mastopathy is a benign hyperplastic lesion of the breast and conservative treatment is generally advocated, it has a certain clinical rate of malignancy due to its close relationship with breast cancer, so when mastopathy has some of the following conditions, patients are recommended to receive surgical treatment from a specialist. 1.Mastoproliferative lesions are confined to one quadrant of the unilateral breast, especially in the outer upper quadrant of the breast; the lumps are large in size and hard in texture, and the effect of conservative treatment is not obvious. 2. Those who are over 35 years old, have a family history of maternal breast cancer, and have nodular breast lumps that have not been significantly reduced by various treatments. 3.Existing hyperplastic breast lumps that increase rapidly within a short period of time. 4.In the process of observation and treatment of the original hyperplastic breast disease, the symptoms and signs have increased recently, and the results of imaging examinations such as mammography and needle aspiration cytology examination have progressed compared with the previous examination, suggesting the possibility of malignant transformation. 5, post-menopausal older women with newly appeared “breast hyperplasia”, such as breast pain, glandular thickening, etc. 6. Patients with mastoproliferative disease who have been confirmed by needle aspiration cytology or biopsy to have active mammary epithelial cell hyperplasia or even heterotypic changes should undergo excision of the hyperplastic mass or simple mastectomy and, if necessary, intraoperative frozen section pathological examination. In principle, during the treatment of patients with mastopathy, the patient’s condition should be closely observed. Even if the condition has improved significantly and the patient can stop taking medication, the patient should be instructed to undergo follow-up or review for about 3 to 6 months, and thereafter, the patient can be reviewed every six months to a year, and timely surgery can be given if changes are found. Only in this way can we ensure the monitoring of those who may develop malignant changes.