1.Cautions for discharge from hospital after congenital heart disease 1.Diet: The diet in the early postoperative period is mainly rich in nutritious food (not recommended to eat too much of the so-called nutritional supplements sold in the market), avoid spicy and seafood food, and eat less and more meals. Those with obvious cardiac insufficiency (e.g. after complex cardiac surgery such as F4, right ventricular double outlet, aortic transposition) should limit sodium and water intake. Lin Xi of Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military District, Guangzhou, China 2. Rest and activity: rest is the main focus for 3 months after surgery, patients can do appropriate activities and exercises within their ability, but avoid overexertion, and generally take a slight slope position when resting. 3, prevention of infection: due to the large surgical trauma and the weakness of the children with precocious heart disease, postoperative infection is easy to disease, should take appropriate isolation preventive measures. Pay attention to observe the child’s body temperature and symptoms. 4, incision care: generally 2 weeks after surgery, the incision can be dipped in water, but must keep the incision clean, avoid the child scratching, when the wound is broken skin, to give local disinfection can be. Fast healing patients 1 month after surgery scar formation, a light red protrusion, the upper and lower end of the incision is more obvious. Currently, the wound is mostly cosmetic sutured and no stitching is required. However, some children under 10 years of age may have their sutures discharged under the skin, which may cause inflammation and require removal of the sutures in the hospital. 5.Follow the doctor’s instruction to take medication: Children usually have to take medication for 1 week to 2 months after discharge from the hospital to prevent infection and assist in the recovery of heart function. The type, dosage, time and number of medications must be strictly in accordance with the doctor’s instructions (as detailed in the discharge summary). Second, valve disease postoperative discharge precautions 1, diet: low salt diet, also avoid spicy and seafood food. 2, rest and activities: according to the severity of the pre-operative condition, 3-6 months of postoperative rest, appropriate activities on the ground, according to the ability to do. 3-6 months later, you can carry out physical restorative exercise, do not weight-bearing activities, and according to the heart function (to determine the heart function can be based on the number of flights of stairs or walking distance) gradually resume work and daily life. 3, postoperative medication: anticoagulants (warfarin): oral warfarin for 3 months after biological flap surgery, and warfarin for life after mechanical flap surgery. Regularly take warfarin (one time per day to avoid forgetting), regular blood sampling to check the prothrombin time, at least 1 time per week within 1 month after discharge, after adjusting to the standard level, 1 time per month within 6 months, and 1 time per 2-3 months afterwards. Warfarin dose must be taken strictly in accordance with medical advice, do not adjust the drug dose without permission (this can be a lot of painful lessons), if you need to adjust must be under the guidance of a doctor, preferably the patient’s doctor in charge. 4, cardiac, diuretic drugs (digoxin, spironolactone, dihydrocortisone): continue to take cardiac, diuretic drugs after discharge, according to the preoperative cardiac function and postoperative recovery, 3-6 months after the discontinuation of cardiac and diuretic drugs, discontinuation of drugs for the gradual discontinuation of drugs (day by day to reduce the dose of drugs, or even every other day to observe no discomfort, before stopping drugs), do not suddenly stop drugs. 5, follow-up: 2-3 months after surgery, return to the hospital to review: chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, cardiac ultrasound, to understand the changes in the condition, after once a year to review 1. Third, the heart bypass surgery discharge precautions: 1, wound care: when discharged from the hospital, there is a slight redness, pain, swelling at the wound, sometimes even last for several months, and occasionally the chest wall pain (mostly needle-like, different from the nature of pre-operative angina), which is normal. After going home, the wound should be checked frequently, and if any signs of infection are found, you should go to the hospital in time. The leg on the side of the saphenous vein may be swollen for weeks to months after the operation, you can wear elastic stockings or elevate the affected limb at rest to reduce the swelling. 2. Rest and diet: During the recovery period of 4-6 weeks after surgery, 8-10 hours of sleep should be guaranteed every day. All activities should be arranged after sufficient sleep, and the amount of activities should be appropriate without feeling strained. Scientific arrangement of diet: After surgery, you should ensure the intake of appropriate amount of fruits and vegetables every day, eat more foods with high protein content (such as fish, eggs, etc.) and foods containing unsaturated fatty acids (such as corn oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, etc.), and eat less foods with high saturated fatty acid content (such as animal oil, cream, etc.). It is best not to drink alcohol after surgery, up to 50 ml of red wine per day. Smoking is an important risk factor for heart disease, so smoking should be strictly prohibited. 3, appropriate participation in activities: after discharge from the hospital, you can first walk for 10 minutes in the morning and evening, and gradually increase the speed and extend the distance after a few days. During the process of increasing the amount of exercise, if there is a slight headache, fatigue, sweating, body aches and other symptoms are normal. If angina attacks while exercising (such as walking), nitroglycerin should be taken under the tongue immediately. If it is still not relieved, or accompanied by shortness of breath, sweating, pain for more than 15 minutes, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible. It is advisable to choose to exercise in the morning or evening when the weather is cool in summer, or in the gymnasium in winter. Going upstairs is a moderate or heavy physical activity. Patients who live upstairs at home can go upstairs slowly by themselves. Later, it can be changed to do some light housework, such as cleaning, cooking, washing dishes, etc. It is important to avoid lifting heavy objects, such as moving furniture, scrubbing floors, etc. Avoid pulling the chest within 4-6 weeks after surgery, including holding children, pushing heavy objects, driving, etc. 5, pay attention to the negative psychological impact: surgery not only has a large physical trauma, but also has a large negative psychological impact on the spirit, and many patients will experience depression. If symptoms such as sleep disorder, weakness, drowsiness, apathy and despair and suicidal tendency appear, these are the manifestations of depression, and should be promptly seen by the psychological consultation department of the regular hospital. 6, medication: post-operative passages shall be lifelong oral aspirin, taken after meals, must pay attention to the symptoms of the digestive tract, if necessary, can be taken with gastric medicine.