Gastroenterological disorders can be broadly classified into two categories: functional and organic disorders.
Gastroenterology diseases are diverse and can be broadly classified into functional and organic diseases based on the presence of pathological changes in the body that can explain the associated symptoms.
The diagnosis and treatment of functional diseases occupy most of the work experience in gastroenterology outpatient clinics. Most functional diseases have recurrent symptoms and are exclusionary diagnoses, and the diagnostic process may require great effort and financial resources, but the current treatment is not effective, and a significant proportion of patients are accompanied by psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression, which seriously affect the quality of life and work of patients and cause a huge medical burden.
There are many different types of functional gastrointestinal disorders with different clinical manifestations. The most common ones, such as irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, functional abdominal pain, functional constipation, functional diarrhea, etc., need to be diagnosed at a regular hospital to exclude organic pathologies.
Organic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract have a variety of etiologies and species, and can be divided into esophageal, gastric and duodenal, small intestine, colorectal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases according to the location of the lesion, some of which can involve multiple organs, and infectious diseases such as acute gastroenteritis, intestinal tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis according to pathological changes; functional neuromuscular diseases such as cardia inactivation; and inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and cholecystitis. Crohn’s disease, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, etc.; neoplastic diseases such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, etc.; vascular malformation diseases such as gastric constant diameter artery syndrome, esophagogastric fundic varices and many other different pathological types of diseases.