（Abstract: Bronchial asthma attacks are mostly related to exposure to allergens, cold air, physical and chemical stimuli, viral infections, and exercise. 3 years ago, the patient developed wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and paroxysmal attacks with cough, sputum, and palpitations due to home renovation, and the condition was recurrent, increasing in frequency and severity. He has been hospitalized for several times and clearly diagnosed as “bronchial asthma”, which belongs to one of the categories of asthma, and has a past history of allergy. [Basic information] Male, 60 years old [Disease type] Bronchial asthma [Hospital] The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University [Consultation time] November 2019 [Treatment plan] Medication (inhalation budesonide suspension, methylprednisolone, amoxicillin capsule) [Treatment cycle] Hospitalization for 7 days, regular outpatient follow-up [Treatment effect] The condition has been controlled I. Initial consultation Three years ago, the patient developed wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, paroxysmal attacks, coughing, coughing, palpitations and discomfort due to home renovation, and the symptoms improved after treatment with wheezing. He was hospitalized in several hospitals for several times with a clear diagnosis of “bronchial asthma”, which was completely relieved by the use of “salmeterol ticapone powder inhaler and fluticasone propionate nasal spray” at the later stage of the disease. Three days ago, the above symptoms worsened due to a cold, so he was admitted to our hospital for systematic treatment and was diagnosed as “bronchial asthma” at the outpatient clinic. The patient was admitted to our department with the outpatient diagnosis of “bronchial asthma”. Physical examination: body temperature 36.8℃, respiratory rate 22 times/min, pulse rate 110 times/min, blood pressure 130/70mmHg, with slightly cyanotic lips, congested pharynx, normal tonsils, soft neck, no filling of jugular vein, no deformity of both sides of the chest symmetry, no enhancement or weakening of voice tremor, both lungs covered with rales, regular heart rhythm without murmurs, soft abdomen, and liver and spleen not touched under the ribs, no edema of both lower limbs. Past history: dust and seafood allergy. II. Treatment history Because of the heavy wheezing, the patient was firstly given methylprednisolone intravenous drip to relieve the symptoms and prevent further progress after admission. Relevant tests were completed for asthma severity grading assessment to confirm the onset of triggers. Pulmonary function, pulmonary function returned: FEV1/exertional spirometry ratio was reduced by 63.2% and the tracheal dilatation test was positive. Obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, small airway hypofunction. Hematology: WBC: 6.8×10^9/L; RBC: 4.5×10^12/L; neutrophil percentage: 78%; blood gas analysis: pH 7.40; PaO2: 87 mmHg; PaCO2: 32 mmHg. Orthopantomogram: pulmonary texture enhancement. Bedside electrocardiogram: normal electrocardiogram. Further refinement of treatment: 1. Eliminate the cause of the disease: the patient’s illness was caused by a cold. At present, the patient had a small amount of yellow sputum, considering bacterial infection and normal imaging, and was given oral amoxicillin capsules; 2. Control the acute attack: after a short-term intravenous hormone drip was switched to inhaled glucocorticoid; 3. Promote sputum excretion. III. Treatment effect After admission, firstly, after giving intravenous drip methylprednisolone, the patient’s wheezing symptoms were reduced in 3 days, and the croup sound in both lungs was reduced on examination, but did not disappear completely. After 3 days of oral amoxicillin capsule, the yellow sputum was reduced, and the treatment of asthma was continued with the addition of inhaled glucocorticoids, such as inhalation budesonide suspension. The nebulized inhalation drugs were stopped and replaced by hormone-containing double bronchodilators, and the patient was given a long-term program with regular outpatient follow-up. In summary, the patient’s condition was controlled and the patient as well as his family expressed satisfaction. IV. Precautions We are glad that the patient’s symptoms have improved after treatment, but the patient still needs to pay attention to the following conditions in asthma treatment: 1. Because acute attacks of asthma can have complications, such as pneumothorax, mediastinal emphysema, pulmonary atelectasis and other complications, patients should immediately seek medical follow-up when symptoms such as chest tightness occur during treatment or during the consolidation period of treatment; 2. In daily life, it is recommended to keep indoor air circulation. 2. In daily life, it is recommended to keep indoor air circulation, open windows regularly, and use humidifiers to keep the temperature and humidity at a constant level to avoid aggravation of the patient’s symptoms; 3. V. Personal insight V. Personal insights In summary, clinical education for asthma patients is also very important. First of all, patients need to understand that asthma cannot be cured, but the majority of people can be effectively controlled with proper long-term treatment. Patients should be instructed to be aware of asthma triggers on a daily basis and to avoid them as much as possible. Patients should be taught to self-monitor, to have emergency medications on hand, and to use inhalation medications properly. In the past, avoidance of triggers was considered a part of the treatment for asthma, but more recently it is believed that if exposure to a trigger can trigger an asthma attack, the patient’s asthma is poorly controlled and the dose of inhaled medication needs to be increased, rather than just avoiding the trigger. Furthermore, the treatment of asthma is now advocated as an individualized program. As asthma research progresses, more and more drugs targeting the inflammatory mediators of asthma attacks are being developed, and patients have more and more treatment options.