Chlamydia trachomatis is often attached to the secretions of the patient’s eye, and any contact with this secretion can result in the opportunity for transmission of trachoma infection. Yellowish-white dots on the upper lid are a symptom of trachoma, which is an aggregation of confined lymphocytes in the subepithelial tissue of the conjunctiva on the basis of a diffuse infiltrate. Initially, scattered meticulous yellow-white dots appear in the upper lid conjunctiva. The incubation period is 5 to 14 days and the disease is bilateral, occurring mostly in children or at a young age. Mild trachoma can be completely free of conscious symptoms or have only mild itching, foreign body sensation and small amount of secretion. In severe cases, due to sequelae and complications involving the cornea, there are irritating symptoms such as photophobia, lacrimation, pain and self-conscious loss of vision. Therefore, publicity and education should be strengthened to spread the knowledge of prevention and treatment of eye diseases to the masses and implement the policy of prevention first. Cultivate good hygiene habits. Do not use your hands to rub your eyes, towels and handkerchiefs should be diligently washed and dried; nurseries, schools, factories and other collective units should share basins and towels or wash their faces in running water; trachoma patients should be treated actively; strengthen the sanitary management of service industries such as barber rooms, bathrooms and hotels; strictly disinfect towels and basins; and pay attention to the cleanliness of water sources.