How to treat migraine

  Migraine is a recurrent disease, and the treatment is mainly divided into two aspects: pain relief in the acute phase and prevention of recurrence in the remission phase, while pain relief in the acute phase mainly consists of reasonable use of painkillers, which can be combined with acupuncture and Chinese medicine, and in the remission phase mainly consists of avoiding triggering factors and preventing attacks with medication.  Treatment in the attack phase: The aim of treatment in the attack phase is to provide emergency pain relief, which should usually be taken immediately at the beginning of symptoms. Therapeutic drugs include non-specific analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, etc., and specific drugs such as ergots and treprostans. Drug selection should be based on the degree of headache, concomitant symptoms, previous medication and other comprehensive considerations, and individualized treatment under the guidance of physicians.  Non-pharmacological treatment in remission: Non-pharmacological treatment mainly consists of physical therapy can be taken with magnetic therapy, oxygen therapy, psychological relief, stress relief, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding stimulation such as exertion and staying up late; avoiding headache triggering factors, such as direct stimulation by strong light should be avoided in daily life. Avoid emotional tension, avoid taking drugs such as vasodilators, avoid drinking red wine and eating food containing cheese, coffee, chocolate, smoked fish, etc.  Medication in remission: The effect of medication prophylaxis varies greatly for different types of patients and there is no good solution. Prophylaxis is indicated for: patients with frequent attacks, especially those with more than one attack per week that severely interfere with daily life and work; and those who are ineffective in acute treatment or cannot undergo acute treatment due to side effects and contraindications; and specific variants of migraine that may lead to permanent neurological deficits, such as hemiplegic migraine, basal migraine or migrainous infarction. Drugs used clinically for migraine prevention include: (i), β-adrenergic receptor blockers, such as propranolol and metoprolol; (ii), calcium antagonists, such as flunarizine and verapamil; (iii) antiepileptic drugs, such as valproic acid and topiramate; (iv) antidepressants, such as amitriptyline and fluoxetine; drugs need to be used under medical supervision.  There is no special treatment that can eradicate migraine, and the most effective treatment is prevention by avoiding triggering factors during the interval of migraine. If medication or prevention is needed, it must be done under the guidance of a specialist.