Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis combined with hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, and hypotension. Gitelman syndrome is a common inherited tubulopathy caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene encoding NCC. The syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and is primarily due to mutations in the function of the thiazide-associated sodium chloride transporter located in the distal tubule. It is characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis combined with hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, and hypotension. There is no specific treatment for Gitelman’s syndrome, which is mainly symptomatic supportive treatment, such as calcium, magnesium and potassium supplementation, so as to alleviate the patient’s uncomfortable symptoms. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, it is important to actively cooperate with the doctor to take treatment.