Painful urination with hematuria in female patients, most commonly acute cystitis, is related to sexual intercourse. Because the female urethra is very close to the anus and vagina, it is easily contaminated by vaginal secretions as well as feces, leading to acute cystitis. Acute cystitis has a sudden onset, accompanied by obvious urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, burning sensation in the urethra during urination, and carnal hematuria during urination, and this situation requires routine urinalysis as well as ultrasound examination of the urinary system. If there is a significant elevation of leukocytes in the urine routine, it can be diagnosed as acute cystitis, and the treatment can be oral antibiotics for 3 days, such as levofloxacin, cefixime or fosfomycin aminoglutethimide, usually drink more water, more urination, less spicy and stimulating food, keep the perineum clean and hygienic, and drink more than 2000ml of water per day.