Ezetimibe is used for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia, pure familial hypercholesterolemia, and pure glutathionemia. 1.Indications (1) Primary hypercholesterolemia: It can reduce the levels of apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It can be used in combination with β-reductase inhibitors (e.g. simvastatin) or alone for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia. (2) Pure familial hypercholesterolemia: In combination with statins, it can be used as adjunctive therapy to other lipid-lowering therapies or to lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in patients when other lipid-lowering therapies are ineffective. (3) Steroidemia (or phytosterolemia): it can reduce the level of sterol and phytosterol in patients. 2. Contraindications (1) Hypersensitivity to any component of ezetimibe. (2) In combination with beta-reductase inhibitors (e.g., simvastatin), it is contraindicated in patients with active liver disease, or unexplained persistent elevation of serum aminotransferases. (3) All beta-reductase inhibitors are restricted for use in pregnant and lactating women. Refer to the beta-reductase inhibitor product insert when this class of drug is used in combination in women with the potential for labor and delivery. 3. Adverse reactions: These include thrombocytopenia, dizziness, sensory abnormalities, pancreatitis, constipation, erythema multiforme, myalgia, myopathy, weakness, anaphylactic reactions, angioneurotic edema, rash, urticaria, hepatitis, gallstones, cholecystitis, and depression. Patients should not self-medicate, should be standardized under the guidance of a doctor.