Coronary heart disease is one of the contemporary diseases that threaten human health in middle and old age is the leading cause of death in middle and old age. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease and the reduction of its incidence have received the attention of the society. The main cause of this disease is that with the development of society and the continuous improvement of living standards, people cannot reasonably regulate the dietary structure, resulting in excessive intake of animal fat and food containing too much cholesterol, which increases the cholesterol content in the body. The competition of market, employment and science and technology make some people not adapt to the reality of this change, resulting in mental tension and fatigue disorder, which makes the endocrine disorder of the blood catecholamine adrenal cortical glucagon increase, causing hypertension and fat metabolism disorder. Adjust the dietary structure to establish a correct outlook on life, control emotions, eliminate worries, remain optimistic and happy.
General preventive and therapeutic measures
(1) Adjust the dietary structure: the intake of fat and cholesterol-rich foods should be controlled at less than 30% of total calories, the intake of animal protein should be controlled at less than 20% to 50%, and vegetable protein should be increased, and soy protein is recommended because it contains soy sterols that can lower cholesterol.
(2) The intake of carbohydrates accounts for 60% to 70% of the total calories, and should be restricted especially for obese people with high triglycerides, and the proportion of complex carbohydrates, such as rice and potatoes, should be increased.
(3) Fruits and vegetables are rich in dietary fiber, which can promote gastrointestinal motility and have the effect of lowering cholesterol. Prevent constipation, such as black fungus, onions, garlic, shiitake mushrooms, ginger seaweed, etc., all have different degrees of lipid-lowering effect, can dilate coronary arteries, lowering blood pressure, diuretic, sedation is conducive to the prevention of coronary heart disease.
(4) water and minerals: appropriate to increase the ratio of beneficial inorganic salts and trace elements, such as magnesium, calcium, manganese, copper, zinc, etc., can reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease.
(5) condiments: salt and soy sauce intake is directly proportional to hypertension, it is recommended that the daily intake of salt 3 ~ 5g, soy sauce also should not be too much application, MSG contains high sodium, hypertensive people should eat less is better, tea has a cholesterol-lowering role in the column, beneficial to the prevention of atherosclerosis.
(6) to carry out the necessary physical exercise, establish a correct outlook on life, world view, values, should control anger, avoid searched, remove worries, optimistic and happy, work and rest, is conducive to the prevention of coronary heart disease.
Prevention of general drugs
(1) Vitamins: such as vitamin B1, B6, C, PP, E, A have certain effect on improving fat metabolism and preventing atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
(2) Compound Danshen tablets, blood lipid kang, aspirin enteric dissolved tablets, sodium diphosphate alginate tablets, gibberellin tablets, and loxincom, etc., all have the ability to dilate cardiovascular and cerebral vessels to soften blood vessels, reduce blood lipids and blood viscosity, remove PAF, clean blood and atherosclerotic plaque thrombus, effectively prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and reduce the incidence.
There are many causes of coronary heart disease, but at present, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and obesity are considered to be the main factors at home and abroad. All these causes are closely related to diet and living environment. Therefore, it is crucial to develop good living habits and pay attention to adjusting dietary structure in daily life to prevent this disease. To carry out the necessary physical exercise, adhere to more than 30min daily exercise or health exercises, improve their own cultivation, establish a correct outlook on life, according to the laws of development and inevitability of things, deal with all kinds of conflicts, is conducive to health. The methods described above are simple, easy to implement and economical. It is necessary to actively promote them and raise the awareness of group prevention, then we can reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and guarantee the gradual improvement of the health level of middle-aged and elderly people.
What is secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease prevention includes primary prevention (for people at risk without coronary heart disease), secondary prevention (for patients in the early stage of coronary heart disease) and tertiary prevention (to prevent the deterioration of coronary heart disease and the occurrence of complications), and preventive measures are necessary for both patients with coronary heart disease and people at high risk of coronary heart disease. Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease means early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment for patients who have already developed coronary heart disease, with the aim of improving symptoms, preventing progression, improving prognosis and preventing recurrence of coronary heart disease. There are two main measures for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, one is to find and control risk factors; the other is reliable and continuous drug treatment.
The prevention of coronary heart disease should be comprehensive from diet, exercise, medication, risk factor control, etc. Especially for patients with existing coronary heart disease, the purpose of prevention is to improve symptoms and prevent progression and recurrence. The prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease should include two ABCDEs, which are used in all stages of the development of coronary heart disease. Only by adhering to secondary prevention can we effectively treat the causes of coronary heart disease and effectively reduce recurrence.
Prevention
Secondary prevention advocates “double effective”, that is, effective drugs and effective doses. It is a taboo for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease to stop eating and stop eating, which is not only ineffective but also more dangerous. The secondary prevention of coronary heart disease generally refers to ABCDE.
1, generally refers to the long-term use of aspirin and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
The former has anti-platelet agglutination effect, which can reduce the formation of thrombus in coronary arteries; the latter can improve heart function, reduce heart remodeling and deformation, which is more helpful for those with combined hypertension and cardiac insufficiency.
2. Application of β-adrenergic receptor blockers and blood pressure control.
It has been confirmed that if post-infarction patients without contraindications use β-blockers, it can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of infarction, improve cardiac function and reduce the occurrence of sudden death [MedEducation.com]. The importance of controlling hypertension to prevent and treat coronary heart disease is well known. Generally speaking, controlling blood pressure below 130/85 mm Hg can reduce acute events of coronary heart disease and can reduce complications of hypertension, such as stroke, renal impairment and fundus lesions.
3.Lower cholesterol and quit smoking.
It is well known that high cholesterol is the main culprit of coronary heart disease. High serum cholesterol should be reduced to below 4 or 6 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) through dietary control and appropriate use of lipid-lowering drugs such as statins (e.g., Sulforaphane, Lysergic, Prasugol, etc.), which can greatly reduce the recurrence rate of heart attack. Recently, it has been confirmed through evidence-based medical research that post-infarction patients should take lipid-lowering drugs, especially statins, even if their serum cholesterol is normal, so that the incidence of acute coronary events can be greatly reduced. Therefore, all heart attack patients should take long-term lipid-lowering drugs regardless of whether their serum cholesterol is elevated or normal.
4. Control diet and treat diabetes.
Coronary heart disease is, in a sense, the failure to control the mouth and eat out. Eating too much cholesterol-rich food such as fatty meat, animal offal and egg yolk every day is the biggest risk factor promoting coronary heart disease. Therefore, post-infarction patients should stay away from these high-cholesterol foods and advocate a light diet with more fish and vegetables and less meat and eggs.
Diabetes can not only cause an increase in blood sugar, but is also an important cause of lipid disorders. Under the same conditions, the prevalence of coronary heart disease is 2-5 times higher in diabetic patients than in those with normal blood sugar. This shows how important it is to control diabetes for patients with coronary heart disease.
5, education and physical exercise.
Patients with coronary heart disease should learn some first aid knowledge about angina, myocardial infarction and other acute coronary events, such as the occurrence of angina or infarction symptoms can contain nitroglycerin and oral aspirin, do not underestimate these simple methods, which can greatly reduce the condition and reduce the rate of death. As the body gradually recovers after a heart attack, you can participate in physical exercise and weight loss under the guidance of your doctor according to your condition. This not only enhances physical fitness, but is also an important step to reduce the recurrence of coronary heart disease heart attack.
Children honor their loved ones who suffer from cardiovascular disease and need secondary prevention by supervising whether these two life-and-death five-pronged preventive measures are in place, supervising that they take their medications on time and effectively, exercise effectively, control risk factors effectively, etc.