Acute bronchitis and pneumonia belong to the lower respiratory tract infectious diseases, acute bronchitis is usually cough, cough sputum as the main manifestations, the examination can be heard in both lungs breath sound coarsening, chest imaging can be suggestive of the increase in both lungs texture, coarsening, disorders. Pneumonia is categorized into lobar pneumonia, lobular pneumonia and interstitial pneumonia, which is characterized by coughing, coughing up sputum, or even coughing up yellow sputum or blood in sputum, and severe infection can be accompanied by fever and chest pain. On physical examination, fine wet rales can be heard at the site of infection, and chest imaging can suggest patchy exudative changes in both lungs. Blood counts may be elevated in both cases, but are more pronounced in patients with pneumonia, especially the total number of white blood cells and neutrophils. Both can be treated with aggressive anti-infective therapy, usually for about a week for bronchitis and about two weeks for pneumonia.