In recent years, hypertension has become a common clinical geriatric disease in China and one of the most serious diseases causing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Geriatric hypertension is an important clinical subtype of hypertension, which belongs to the category of “vertigo” and “headache” in Chinese medicine, and has attracted much attention in recent years because of its high prevalence, low control rate and many complications, which seriously affect the quality of life of the elderly [1]. In the author’s opinion, the evidence of internal stagnation of water drink is a common type of hypertension in the elderly. Wu Ling San was first described in the treatise “Treatise on Typhoid Fever? It has the effect of warming Yang, dissolving drinks, and dipping water and dampness; its main features are puffiness, unhealthy urination, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitation, and it has obvious effect on lowering blood pressure. The following is a preliminary discussion on the treatment of hypertension in the elderly with water retention, which is reported below. 1, Chinese medicine on the understanding of elderly hypertension water-drink internal stagnation The elderly mostly due to old age and frailty, internal organs loss, qi and blood gradually decline, and biochemical failure, essence deficiency and gas less, internal organs function, kidney deficiency and essence deficiency, qi and blood operation and fluid biochemical transmission obstacles, the inability to transport water-damp, resulting in Yang deficiency water flood, water-drink internal stagnation; coupled with the irregularity of living, diet, labor and rest, internal injury, more likely to make the body qi and blood operation and loss of harmony, water-damp transport inability and the onset of disease. The symptoms include dizziness and swelling, palpitations, chest tightness, poor appetite, cold form and limbs, soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, edema of the lower limbs, low urine volume, pale and fat tongue with tooth marks, white fur, sunken and weak pulse, etc. 2. Overview of the formula of Wu Ling San Wu Ling San is composed of Poria, Poria, Zelig, Gui Zhi and Atractylodes, which has the functions of diuresis and dampness percolation, warming Yang and transforming Qi. Water drink in the lower jiao, when from the urine to go, due to the lack of kidney yang in the elderly, bladder qi can not be, water has no way to go, reverse the upward movement, then dizziness and vomit saliva; urine is not conducive, abdominal distention and fullness or edema body heavy; water moving in the lower, then the umbilicus palpitations rushing back; upward rushing heart and chest, visible palpitations chest paralysis. If water is lost in the lower jiao, and the water evil is not fixed, edema of the lower limbs may occur; if “dampness generates phlegm, phlegm generates heat, and heat generates wind”, it may lead to stroke, and symptoms such as unconsciousness, distortion of the mouth and eyes, and partial body discomfort may occur. Clinically, dizziness, palpitation, headache, dizziness, chest tightness, edema of the lower extremities, unfavorable urination, and a pale, fat tongue with teeth marks are common symptoms of water retention in elderly hypertension. Su Wen? The bladder is the official of the state capital, where the fluid is hidden, and the qi is able to come out. The formula uses Ze diarrhea as the ruler, taking its sweet and light nature cold, directly to the bladder, diuresis and dampness; Poria, pig ling through the water channel, down to the bladder, enhance the function of diuresis and rejuvenation; add white atractylodes to strengthen the spleen and benefit the qi, transport water and dampness; Gui Zhi Xuan pass Yang Qi, steam the three jiao to move water, help the bladder qi; Ze diarrhea, white atractylodes has a hypotensive effect, the whole formula has a diuretic, hypotensive effect, the treatment of hypertension in the elderly water and dampness, especially suitable for the evidence of internal stagnation. 3. Clinical research Wu Ling San is widely used in clinical practice, usually as a water regulator, and is mostly used for edema, diarrhea, urinary disorders, phlegm and other symptoms caused by internal stagnation of water-dampness. In recent years, a large number of clinical studies have confirmed that Wu Ling San can be used to treat hypertension caused by internal stagnation of water-dampness, and has achieved good efficacy. Lv Huimin [2] used a random sampling method to divide hypertensive patients who met the “Hypertension Screening Methods and Diagnostic Reference Criteria” revised by the 1974 Symposium on Screening and Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension into 2 groups. There were 50 cases of Chinese medicine and 46 cases of Western medicine control group. In the Chinese medicine group, Poria, Poria, Atractylodes, Gui Zhi, Yu Jin, and Shijiazhuang were used. In the control group, Compound Antihypertensive Tablets, Nifedipine, Jinan, and Dihydrocoumarix were used. The difference in efficacy between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), and the efficacy of this formula in the treatment of hypertension was definite and the antihypertensive effect was long-lasting [3]. Luo Wanying [4] treated 102 hypertensive patients with Yin Chen Wu Ling San plus reduction, with clinical symptoms of dizziness, headache and brain swelling, fatness and weakness, dullness and dryness of the mouth without desire to drink, excessive urination, pale tongue and fat body, yellowish white moss or thick and greasy moss, smooth pulse, blood pressure between 24-25/20-2lkP, and persistent non-lowering with western medicine. Treatment: The treatment was continued with western medicine, together with Chinese herbal medicine: 10g of Atractylodes, 15g of Atractylodes, 15g of Yunling, 30g of Zelenia, 6g of Cinnamomum, 20g of Salvia, l0g of Xia Ku Cao, 10g of Cao Zhi Ming, 15g of Yam, l0g of Semen, 6g of Glycyrrhiza, 20g of Jiao Shan Zao, decocted in water, 1 dose daily. The results showed that among 102 cases, 33 cases were effective, 56 cases were effective, and 13 cases were ineffective, with an overall efficiency of 87.2%. Chen Hao [5] treated 48 cases of Yang-deficiency-yin hypertension with the method of warming yang and promoting water, and divided the hypertensive patients into two types according to their clinical symptoms. Those with elevated blood pressure, obesity, dizziness, palpitations and other symptoms were classified as light, and were treated with Wu Ling San with added flavor; those with white face and cold limbs, numbness in hands and feet, and swollen ankles were classified as heavy, and were treated with Zhen Wu Tang with added flavor. According to the revised drug efficacy assessment criteria of the 1979 National Symposium on Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Control, there were 35 cases with significant effect, 15 cases with effective effect and 2 cases with ineffective effect, with a total effective rate of 96%. 4.Experimental study Experimental study shows that the mechanism of Wuling San to lower blood pressure mainly lies in two aspects, diuretic and insulin sensitization. Diuretics are the first-line drugs in the treatment of hypertension. Poria, Poria, Zelenia, and Atractylodes in Wu Ling San have a diuretic effect, and the whole formula is diuretic and percolates dampness, gathering excess water from the body’s tissues and tissue interstices to the kidneys, promoting the excretion of sodium-based electrolytes and achieving diuretic effects without producing electrolyte disorders. The causes of hypertension and diabetes are one and the same, the root of which lies in insulin resistance. Through diuresis, Wu Ling San increases insulin sensitivity, improves insulin resistance, increases insulin’s ability to handle glucose, and achieves the purpose of lowering blood pressure. Wu Ling San is not only a diuretic and insulin sensitizer in modern medicine, but also focuses on overall regulation and improves body functions in a comprehensive manner [6]. Li Chunjuan [6] verified the efficacy of Wu Ling San in lowering blood pressure through animal experiments and concluded that Wu Ling San has a regulatory effect on water, electrolyte and sugar metabolism. The main diuretic active ingredients, zedoary alcohol A-24-acetate and zedoary alcohol B, increase sodium excretion [7]. Zedoary on insulin sensitivity is significantly reduced and has not yet formed diabetes mellitus insulin resistance has improved [8], Poria diuretic main active ingredient for porin, can antagonize aldosterone activity, activation of Na + -K + -ATPase and cellular ATPase, Na + -K + -ATPase is the sodium pump on the cell membrane, can promote the body’s water and salt metabolism function, increase sodium, chloride and other electrolytes excretion [9] , Poria cocos triterpene compounds enhance the differentiation-inducing activity of insulin [10]. Poria and Atractylodes macrocephala have significant and long-lasting diuretic effects, Poria diuretic by reducing renal aquaporin-2 ( aquaporin-2, AQP2) gene expression [11], Atractylodes macrocephala diuretic active component is celastrol, which has the effect of promoting the excretion of sodium-based electrolytes [9]. Han Yuping [12] observed the experimental therapeutic effect of Wu Ling San extract on renal hypertensive rats and its effect on urine volume and serum Na + , K + , and Cl- concentrations in rats. The urine volume of rats was measured during gavage, and the tail artery pressure was measured after 30 d of administration. The results showed that Wu Ling San extract had diuretic and antihypertensive effects on renal hypertensive rats without causing electrolyte disturbance [3]. Li Chunjuan [13], in order to observe the therapeutic effect of Wuling San method on hypertension in rats with metabolic syndrome, rats were fed with high-fat and high-salt diet for 6 weeks and then observed body weight, body length, abdominal circumference, obesity index and blood pressure. The results showed that there were differences in body weight, abdominal circumference, LI, mean pressure, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the model group compared with the normal group ( P < 0.05), and there were significant differences in body weight, abdominal circumference, LI, mean pressure, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the high-dose group compared with the model group ( P < 0.05), and there were differences in LI, abdominal circumference and the model group in the low-dose group ( P < 0.05). It was concluded that the modeling of high-fat and high-salt diet-induced hypertension in rats with metabolic syndrome was successful, and Wu Ling San supported a therapeutic effect on hypertension in rats with metabolic syndrome, and the mechanism of action was equivalent to insulin sensitizer and diuretic. Metabolic syndrome is considered in Chinese medicine to be caused by over-eating sweet and salty food, lack of exercise, congestion of phlegm and dampness and internal stagnation of water and drink. 5 Summary "Correspondence between prescriptions and evidence" is one of the major characteristics of Jingfu, which is to use the prescriptions according to the evidence, and the method is based on the evidence, and the prescriptions follow the method, reflecting Zhang Zhongjing's strict tenet of corresponding prescriptions and evidence, which is to "observe the pulse and evidence, know what is wrong, and treat it according to the evidence". As a traditional formula in the Treatise on Typhoid Fever, Wu Ling San has the function of warming the Yang, dissolving drinks, inducing diuresis and permeating dampness, and has been proven to have significant blood pressure lowering effects after thousands of years of clinical tests in Chinese medicine and modern experimental pharmacological research. In the elderly, the internal organs are deficient and the kidney yang is insufficient, resulting in internal stagnation of water-drink and internal growth of phlegm-dampness, so the water-drink internal stagnation type of elderly hypertension is very common. This formula can be considered for clinical evidence such as swelling, unhealthy urination, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations [14]. Wu Ling San has good advantages and potential in the treatment of geriatric hypertension, and years of clinical accumulation have led to its continuous enrichment and development.