Minimally invasive partial knee arthroplasty is receiving increasing attention in response to the problems and shortcomings of total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the knee. Osteoarthritis of the knee, commonly known as “osteophytes”, “senile arthritis”, “degenerative arthritis”, etc., is a common disease that causes knee pain and walking dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly people. Due to the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, the most common treatment method is “total knee surface replacement”, which involves removing the entire knee joint surface and cruciate ligaments and replacing them with an artificial metal joint surface and special plastic spacers. Despite the good clinical results and the growing popularity of total knee surface replacement, there are three drawbacks that cannot be avoided: First, in many patients, the knee is only partially worn out, for example, the wear is limited to the medial or lateral side of the joint, and removing the unbroken articular surfaces and ligamentous structures during surgery would appear to be costly and, in fact, “overtreatment”. In fact, it is also “overtreatment” and a waste of medical resources, although it is a desperate measure; furthermore, the surgery to remove and replace all the articular surfaces and ligamentous structures is very traumatic and bleeds a lot, which increases the risk of treatment for elderly and frail patients; finally, for relatively young patients, the artificial joint will inevitably wear out after 15-20 years because there is still a long survival period after surgery. It is inevitable that after 15-20 years the artificial joint will wear out and fail, and if another surgical replacement or revision is needed, the surgery is difficult, risky and costly. ”Minimally invasive partial knee arthroplasty” is becoming more and more important in these situations, where only the damaged joint surface is removed and replaced, while the other structures remain intact. With the advancement of basic research, instrumentation, surgical techniques, and long-term clinical experience, the most mature application is the “minimally invasive unicondylar knee arthroplasty”. If the correct indications are chosen and the surgical technique is appropriate, long-term, rigorous follow-up studies have shown that the clinical results of the new generation unicondylar knee system are similar to those of “total knee surface replacement” and can be accomplished minimally invasively, with fewer complications and faster functional recovery, making revision easier even if reoperation is needed in a few years. Minimally invasive unicondylar knee arthroplasty is not available for all patients who need a knee replacement, but only for some eligible patients. The key to successful surgery is the mastery of the indications, the standardization and experience of the surgeon, and the choice of joint prosthesis and operating system. Our hospital is one of the few hospitals in the province to perform this procedure. The third-generation Oxford unicondylar knee system, manufactured by Biomet in the UK and commonly known as the “Oxford Knee”, has been approved by the FDA and is one of the most successful unicondylar knee systems available.