1.What is the relationship between chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps? Is chronic sinusitis the main factor that induces nasal polyps, or do they affect each other? Chronic sinusitis has a complex etiology and is divided into two main types: combined nasal polyps and uncombined nasal polyps. Nasal polyps often block the drainage channels of the sinuses and cause sinusitis, so they are usually combined with sinusitis. Chronic sinusitis alone can be without nasal polyps, but patients with allergic rhinitis are prone to develop nasal polyps. 2, chronic sinusitis combined with nasal polyps, how effective is the drug treatment? Chronic sinusitis combined with nasal polyps, medication can significantly improve the symptoms, nasal polyps will shrink. Especially corticosteroid drugs such as prednisone, after a period of treatment will see a significant reduction in polyps. 3, chronic sinusitis patients as long as the appearance of nasal polyps, is it necessary to do nasal endoscopic surgery as soon as possible? Patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps can have symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, head and face pain, loss of smell and memory loss, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. If there is no obvious obstruction of nasal polyps can be elective surgery, for patients with long duration of disease, nasal congestion symptoms are obvious, or have headache, pus nasal discharge more patients should be nasal endoscopic surgery as soon as possible. 4.What are the risks if not operated? Is there any risk of cancer? Nasal polyps without surgery may gradually increase in size, which may lead to sinusitis, smell disorder, headache, memory loss, etc. A preliminary diagnosis of nasal polyp can be made by visual or endoscopic examination, but a definite diagnosis requires pathological section. Nasal polyps are usually not cancerous, but sometimes nasal invagination papilloma can be easily misdiagnosed as nasal polyps, and treatment can be delayed if care is not taken, and nasal invagination papilloma has about 10% probability of malignancy. In particular, unilateral nasal polyps and ipsilateral rhinorrhea may be diagnosed as nasal invagination papilloma in the final pathology. 5.What are the possible complications of surgery? What are the chances of occurrence? What factors are associated with the complications? How do doctors avoid these complications? (1) Due to the narrow operating space of nasal endoscopic surgery for sinusitis and nasal polyps and the proximity of the sinuses to the skull base and orbit, intracranial complications and orbital-ocular complications may occur during surgery. For example, cerebrospinal fluid nasal leakage, intracranial infection, periorbital bruising, impaired eye movement, loss of vision and even blindness. Discomfort such as nasal bleeding, nasal adhesions, and nasal dryness after surgery. (2) The overall probability of complications of nasal endoscopic sinusitis nasal polyp surgery is relatively low. The probability of surgical complications is relatively low for doctors with formal training and more clinical experience, and serious complications rarely occur in higher-ranking hospitals with excellent equipment and well-trained doctors. (3) The occurrence of complications, from the patient’s side, the patient’s long medical history and serious lesions increase the probability of complications. If there are abnormal nasal sinus anatomy, high blood pressure, brittle blood vessels, no standardized medication before surgery, and easy bleeding during surgery will increase the probability of surgical complications. From the medical side, the clarity of the hospital’s imaging equipment, especially the pictures taken by CT, the excellent and complete surgical equipment, whether the doctor has been formally trained and has certain clinical experience, etc. all have a certain relationship with the incidence of complications. (4) A well-trained doctor will understand the patient’s condition and medication in detail before surgery, carefully analyze the patient’s imaging data, develop a reasonable surgical plan, avoid risks to the maximum extent according to the intraoperative situation, and reduce the occurrence of complications. 6.How is the surgical effect of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps? What is the approximate cure rate? How to evaluate the results after surgery? The surgical effect of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps is still good. After standardized medication and surgical treatment, the overall cure rate is currently above 80%. Before and after surgery, according to different clinical phenotypes and pathological characteristics, different courses of medication are needed. For cases of combined nasal polyps and osteitis, long-term treatment is needed, and surgery is only the beginning of treatment. Post-operative medication changes are mandatory and the number of changes varies from person to person. Post-surgery assessment of patient’s symptom improvement is the main indicator, nasal examination for edema, nasal polyp recurrence, scar stenosis, adhesions, etc.