High total cholesterol and triglycerides belong to hyperlipidemia, which may be related to genetics, environment, drugs, diseases and other factors. Common treatments include general treatment, medication, surgery, etc., which should be carried out in accordance with the doctor’s instructions. General treatment includes adjusting diet and lifestyle. Patients with hyperlipidemia usually avoid foods high in cholesterol, fat and sodium, such as fatty meat, fried and pickled foods, etc., and appropriately increase the amount of protein and low animal fat foods, such as fish and soy products. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to reducing weight and increasing physical exercise in daily life. Commonly used therapeutic drugs for hyperlipidemia include statins (e.g. lovastatin), intestinal CH absorption inhibitors (ezetimibe), niacin (vitamin B3), and a new type of lipid-regulating drug (mipomersen). Different drugs have different efficacy and are suitable for different groups of people, and should be used systematically under the guidance of a doctor. For very severe patients, surgical interventions such as portal vena cava shunt and liver transplantation can be considered. Patients with hyperlipidemia should actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment, and should not blindly self-medicate to avoid delays or adverse reactions. While following the doctor’s prescription for treatment, regular blood lipid testing is also needed.