What is glomerulonephritis carnal hematuria Hematuria is an abnormally high excretion of red blood cells in the urine and is a signal that there may be serious disease of the urinary system. Centrifugal precipitated urine with ≥3 red blood cells per high-powered microscopic field, or non-centrifugal urine with more than 1 or 1-hour urine red blood cell count of more than 100,000, or 12-hour urine sediment count of more than 500,000, all indicate an abnormal increase of red blood cells in the urine and are called hematuria. In mild cases, only microscopic increase of red blood cells is found, which is called microscopic hematuria; in severe cases, the appearance is washed water-like or contains blood clots, which is called sarcoid hematuria. Usually 1mL of blood per liter of urine is visible to the naked eye, and the urine is red or washed out. What is microscopic hematuria in glomerulonephritis The amount of blood in the urine that exceeds the normal amount is called hematuria. If there is 1 ml of blood in 1000 ml of urine, and the urine looks bloody or washed out to the naked eye, this is called microscopic hematuria. During routine urine examination, if there are more than 5 red blood cells in one high magnification field under the microscope, or if the 12-hour urine Edie count of red blood cells exceeds 500,000 and cannot be perceived by the naked eye, this is called microscopic hematuria. When red urine is found, parents should not panic, but first distinguish whether it is true hematuria or pseudohematuria. Some drugs can cause red urine, such as aminopyrine, phenytoin sodium, rifampin, phenol red, etc.; they need to be distinguished from true hematuria. Causes and identification of causes of glomerulonephritis hematuria Causes of glomerulonephritis hematuria 1. urinary system diseases such as various nephritis (acute glomerulonephritis, viral nephritis, genetic nephritis, purpura nephritis), stones (kidney, bladder, urethra), heart and kidney tuberculosis, various congenital malformations, trauma, tumors, etc.; 2. systemic diseases such as bleeding disorders, leukemia heart failure, sepsis, vitamin C and K deficiency, hypercalciuria, neonatal outbreak, etc.; 3. Physicochemical factors such as food allergy, radiation exposure, drugs, poisons, after exercise, etc. In order to clarify the cause, it is important to determine the site of hematuria, and the urine three cups test can understand the source of hematuria in a very simple way. How to identify hematuria in glomerulonephritis Take 3 cups and in one urine, take the first cup for anterior segment urine, the second cup for middle segment urine and the third cup for posterior segment urine. If the first cup is hematuria means the blood comes from the urethra; the third cup of hematuria is the final unhematuria, the lesion is mostly in the bladder or posterior urethra; the first cup, the second cup and the third cup are all blood-colored that is the whole hematuria, suggesting that the lesion is in the kidney or in the urinary tract above the bladder. To clarify which disease the hematuria is caused by, or based on the symptoms and physical signs, various experiences, X-rays and CT examinations, and even biopsy of the kidney can be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Normal urine contains a very small amount of red blood cells. Uncentrifuged urine can have 0 to 2 red blood cells per high magnification field under the microscope, and if it exceeds this number, it is considered hematuria. Which renal hematuria needs early treatment Renal hematuria refers to hematuria originating from the glomerulus, clinically manifested as simple hematuria, or hematuria with proteinuria, mostly seen in primary glomerular diseases such as IgA nephropathy, thylakoid proliferative nephritis, focal glomerulosclerosis, renal cysts, polycystic kidney, also seen in secondary glomerular diseases such as purpura nephritis, lupus nephritis. If the treatment is incomplete, recurrent or miss-treatment, the disease cannot be effectively controlled and eventually leads to uremia. The pathogenesis of nephrogenic hematuria is currently considered by the medical community to be immune-related, i.e., the deposition of antigen-antibody complexes in the glomerular basement membrane and thylakoid region, which destroys the filtration barrier of the glomerular basement membrane and causes proliferation of thylakoid cells and thylakoid stroma, resulting in nephrogenic hematuria. Many people believe that hematuria does not need to be treated. We believe that the cause of nephrogenic hematuria must be eliminated because long-term glomerular basement membrane lesions can also lead to glomerulosclerosis, which can cause kidney damage. Therefore, renal hematuria must be treated early.