Given the broad representation of patients who have recently come to EMAIL for advice on their condition, here is a brief overview of the general knowledge of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a concept developed by nephrologists to emphasize the early management of all types of traditional and non-primary kidney diseases that may cause end-stage renal disease, to reduce or stop their risk of chronic renal insufficiency, end-stage renal disease and related complications (especially cardiovascular disease), and to bring it to the attention of governments, institutions, the general public and non-specialists more broadly. Accurate epidemiological information on CKD is not yet available. The incidence of CKD in the general population may be as high as 9% (this data is from the Framingham study following a population of 18 years, with CKD defined as GFR <60 ml/min), and may be much higher in blacks than in whites, but the proportion of the population that eventually enters ESRD may be less than 2%, as most people leave the population due to complications before they enter ESRD and require dialysis or transplantation or advanced age or primary disease. Primary glomerular disease (to be further described); secondary glomerular disease (to be further described). 2. tubulointerstitial disease chronic tubulointerstitial disease; cystic lesions of the kidney; reflux nephropathy and obstructive nephropathy. 3, vascular disease hypertensive disease; atherosclerosis and embolism; vasculitis. 4.Other factors secondary to post-renal and pre-renal factors; secondary to systemic diseases (heart failure, liver failure, infection, amyloidosis).