When a patient finds an abnormal urine test, they think they have “nephritis” and are afraid of kidney failure and uremia in the future. pyelonephritis”. Urinary tract infections, including upper urinary tract infections and lower urinary tract infections, of which the upper urinary tract infection refers to pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis is caused by the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms (including bacteria and fungi) into the renal pelvis. The main symptoms of acute pyelonephritis are chills, fever, increased blood leukocytes, frequent pain in the lower back, percussion pain in the kidney area, urinary urgency, difficulty in urination, urine with or without white blood cells, urine with red blood cells, and normal kidney function. It is usually cured by timely use of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. If acute pyelonephritis is not treated in time and leads to dilatation and blunting of the renal calyces, it is chronic pyelonephritis, not the length of time divided into acute, chronic, chronic pyelonephritis, there may be abnormal kidney function (urea nitrogen, serum creatinine). Nephritis, also known as glomerulonephritis, is considered to be an immune response of the body, rather than some causative factor caused directly by infection or kidney damage, and cannot be treated with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. Common symptoms of nephritis include increased foam in the urine, hematuria, edema, and back pain. Foam in the urine indicates an increase in urine protein, and the more weeks of foam means more protein; blood in the urine is not visible to the naked eye under normal circumstances, and there are no red blood cells under the microscope. However, if the naked eye sees blood urine, this means that there are many red blood cells in the urine, which does not mean that in the urine color red is hematuria, and does not necessarily mean nephritis, and to pay attention to lesbian hematuria is not caused by menstruation, so avoid menstruation when the reason line urine test, nephritis edema often first in the eyelids, face, scrotum and other more lax places, such as the appearance of the lower limbs after the edema, edema of the whole body may, and even a few ascites. If there are even a few cases of ascites, then the condition is deteriorating. Patients with nephritis often do not have significant low back pain, and low back pain is usually mild or just sore, not as severe as acute pyelonephritis back pain. Nephritis generally requires treatment with hormones and/or cytotoxic drugs, and nephritis, if not properly controlled, will develop into renal failure, so early detection and early treatment are needed.