Although the etiology of pediatric epilepsy is very complex, with the rapid development of medical technology, most of the causes have been clearly understood, and in general, epilepsy can be divided into two major categories etiologically. The most common causes include: 1. congenital malformations of brain development, such as anencephaly, giant gyrus malformation, polymicrocephaly, gray matter heterotopia, cerebral penetration malformation, congenital hydrocephalus, hypoplasia of the corpus hydrazine, arachnoid cyst, microcephaly, and macrocephaly. 2. 2, neurocutaneous syndromes: the most common are tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis and cerebral trigeminal angiomatosis, etc. 3, genetic metabolic diseases, such as phenylketonuria, hyperammonemia, cerebral lipid deposition, vitamin B6-dependent disorders, etc. 4, perinatal brain injury, mainly birth injury, asphyxia, intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxia, ischemic encephalopathy, of which hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy resulting in epilepsy is the most common. 5, intracranial infection: such as bacterial meningitis, viral encephalitis, brain abscess, mycobacterial meningitis, cerebral parasitosis, post-inoculation encephalitis, post-infectious encephalitis, etc. 6, nutritional metabolic disorders and endocrine diseases, common hypoglycemia, low blood calcium, low blood magnesium, vitamin B6 deficiency, hypothyroidism. 7, cerebrovascular disease: such as cerebrovascular malformation, intracranial hemorrhage, cerebrovascular inflammation, cerebral infarction, etc. 8, trauma: intracranial hemorrhage, skull fracture and brain contusion caused by trauma can cause epilepsy, but the incidence is related to the degree and location of injury. 9. Brain injury after febrile convulsions also leads to epilepsy. Regardless of which cause of epilepsy, active treatment of the primary cause, rapid seizure control, and receiving regular, reasonable, non-toxic treatment is the guarantee of smooth recovery from the disease.