Brain atrophy can be categorized into physiological brain atrophy, which may have no obvious symptoms. It is also classified as pathological cerebral atrophy, with common symptoms such as dementia, mental retardation and behavioral disorders. Clinically, cerebral atrophy is divided into physiological cerebral atrophy and pathological cerebral atrophy according to the cause of the disease. Usually, physiologic brain atrophy is related to ageing, and most patients may have no obvious symptoms. On the other hand, pathological cerebral atrophy is related to traumatic brain injury, long-term chronic ischemia of cerebral blood vessels, Huntington’s disease, etc., and patients will have obvious abnormal symptoms. Patients with early cerebral atrophy will have mild cognitive impairment, slow response and other symptoms. Patients with mild and moderate cerebral atrophy will experience memory loss, abnormal behavior, large mood swings, and even become suspicious or anxious and depressed. For patients with moderate to advanced cerebral atrophy, they may experience mental confusion, perceptual difficulties, decreased integrative ability, choking on drinking water, dyskinesia, intentional tremor, difficulty walking, incontinence, and even inability to take care of themselves and the need for specialized care. Since brain atrophy is prone to cause serious impact on the quality of life and health, it is recommended that patients diagnosed with brain atrophy adjust their mindset and actively cooperate with doctors for treatment in order to control the progress of the disease.