Monkeypox, or monkeypox, is a viral disease that used to occur mainly in the tropical rainforest countries of central and western Africa. In May 2022, confirmed and suspected cases of monkeypox have been reported in the United Kingdom and the United States. Monkeypox virus and smallpox virus belong to the same genus Orthopoxvirus, and the symptoms of human infection are similar, but the symptoms of monkeypox are milder than smallpox, and according to statistics, the death rate of monkeypox is between 1% and 10%, which is much lower than that of smallpox virus (the death rate is as high as 30%). Many African rodents have been found to have the monkeypox virus when blood samples from African animals are tested. The virus can also infect mice, rats and rabbits. Most human infections with monkeypox virus occur as a result of bites from infected animals or direct contact with blood, body fluids, or skin lesions from infected animals; transmission is usually from animal to human, and human-to-human monkeypox transmission can also occur. Since May 2022, the United Kingdom and the United States have reported many suspected and confirmed cases of monkeypox. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, this may be related to the animal trade, and contact with wildlife should be avoided and disinfection should be observed for good protection.