Underarm black spots may be caused by conditions such as blackheads, sebaceous cysts, coffee spots, and pigmented nevi. Depending on the cause, they need to be removed through the use of medication (adapalene gel, etc.) as well as surgery and laser therapy.
1. Blackheads: Due to the relatively vigorous secretion of sebaceous glands, hyperkeratosis occurs at the opening of hair follicles, resulting in enlarged follicles with black spots in the middle of the follicles. It can be treated by applying medicines such as retinoic acid ointment and adapalene gel, and taking oral isotretinoin and vinblastine if necessary.
2. Sebaceous cysts: If they are raised bumps with a black spot on them, and oxidized keratin plugs can be squeezed out from inside the black spot, they can be considered as sebaceous cysts. Generally, sebaceous cysts can be removed through surgery.
3. Cafe au lait spots: these are abnormal pigmentation changes that may appear shortly after birth, vary in size, and may be round or irregular in shape. Generally, no special treatment is needed, and hydroquinone cream can be applied to relieve the problem, and if necessary, the spots can be removed by laser treatment.
4. Pigmented nevus: it may be related to heredity and other factors, manifested as papules or spots, with clear boundaries, and the color may be brown or black. Generally, there is no need for medication, and if the pigmented nevus increases in size, it can be removed through surgery.
It is recommended that the patient should consult a doctor in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized treatment after a clear diagnosis. Drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor, do not self-medication.