1.Hemodialysis: When acute or chronic renal failure occurs, the body will accumulate a large amount of metabolic waste – uremic toxins, causing water, electrolyte disorders and acid-base imbalance, a series of clinical symptoms, and even coma, endangering life. In this case, it is necessary to use a hemodialysis machine (commonly known as “artificial kidney”) to replace the work of human kidneys outside the body to remove toxins and excess water from the body, correct water and electrolyte disorders and acid-base imbalance, relieve clinical symptoms and save lives. This treatment process is called hemodialysis. 2.Peritoneal dialysis: Using its own peritoneum as dialysis membrane, dialysis fluid is injected into the peritoneal cavity through the peritoneal dialysis tubing and kept for a period of time to exchange substances and water on both sides of the membrane, and then released, so as to remove metabolic waste and excessive water from the body and correct water and electrolyte disorders and acid-base imbalance. At the same time, certain substances required by the body, such as electrolytes, bases and glucose, are replenished through dialysis fluid.