A young male patient was hospitalized for recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding and was examined by gastroscopy and pathology was taken for gastric mucosa-associated marginal B-cell lymphoma, which was tested positive for Helicobacter pylori (Hp). When I talked to the patient’s family about the application of anti-Hp therapy, they were a bit skeptical. After our anti-Hp treatment, the patient’s tumor was in complete remission. later, the patient’s Hp infection recurred, and after another treatment, the patient was further cleared of Hp. in the next two years of review, the patient has been doing well, and the results of multiple gastroscopies have indicated complete remission of the tumor and Hp negativity. In many people’s minds, lymphoma seems to require radiotherapy, but a portion of gastric mucosa-associated marginal B-cell lymphoma is associated with Hp infection and can be cured by anti-Hp therapy. The treatment of gastric mucosa-associated marginal B-cell lymphoma is based on the stage of the disease and its cytogenetic characteristics. If the tumor is not beyond the submucosa of the stomach and no distant metastasis has occurred, it is early stage, such as Hp+, and anti-Hp therapy is recommended first, which usually takes 0.5 to 1 year to eradicate the local tumor and is prone to recurrence. If anti-Hp treatment is ineffective, local radiotherapy is recommended. Surgical resection is no longer recommended because it affects the quality of life of patients, and the effect of radiotherapy and surgery is comparable and in some cases better than surgery. For distant lymph node metastasis or other sites such as bone marrow invasion, systemic chemotherapy is recommended.