DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia A. The presence of 2 (or more) of the following symptoms, each of which is present for a fairly significant period of time over 1 month (or for a shorter period of time if successfully treated), at least one of which must be (1), (2), or (3) Chen Changqin, Psychiatry Department, Guangxi Longquanshan Hospital (1) delusions; (2) hallucinations; (3) disorganized speech (e.g., frequent digressions or incoherence); (4) markedly disorganized or catatonic behavior; and (5) negative symptoms (i.e., decreased emotional expression or lack of motivation). B. The level of functioning in 1 or more important areas, such as work, interpersonal relationships, or self-care, is significantly lower than that which existed prior to the onset of the disorder for a significant period of time since the onset of the disorder (when the disorder occurs in childhood or adolescence, then interpersonal, academic, or occupational functioning is not at the level of development expected). C. The signs and symptoms of the disorder have persisted for at least 6 months. This 6 months should include at least 1 month (or less if successfully treated) of symptoms that meet diagnostic criterion A (i.e., active phase symptoms) and may include prodromal or residual phase symptoms. In the prodromal or residual phase, signs of the disorder may manifest as only negative symptoms or mild symptoms of 2 or more of the symptoms listed in diagnostic criterion A (e.g., peculiar beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences). D. Dissociative affective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features have been excluded because (1) there are no major depressive or manic episodes that coincide with active phase symptoms; and (2) if mindfulness episodes occur during the active phase of symptoms, they are present only for a small portion of the entire course of the active and residual phases of this disorder. E. The disorder cannot be attributed to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., drugs of abuse, medications) or other somatic disorders. F. A history of autism (autistic) spectrum disorder or a communication disorder occurring in childhood, in addition to other symptoms of schizophrenia, requires significant delusions or hallucinations that have been present for at least 1 month (or less if successfully treated) in order to make an additional diagnosis of schizophrenia. Labeling if: The following course labeling is used only after a 1-year course of this disorder, if they do not contradict the criteria for diagnosing the course of the disorder First episode, currently in the acute phase: the first presentation of the disorder meets the diagnostic criteria for symptoms and duration. The acute exacerbation period is the time period in which the symptoms meet the diagnostic criteria. First episode, currently in partial remission: Partial remission is the time period in which the previous episode has improved and now partially meets the diagnostic criteria. First episode, currently in complete remission: complete remission is the time period in which no specific symptoms associated with the disorder exist after a previous episode. Multiple episodes, currently in acute remission: after at least two episodes, multiple episodes can be identified, (i.e., first episode and remission followed by at least one relapse). Multiple episodes, currently in partial remission Multiple episodes, currently in complete remission Persistent type: symptoms meeting the diagnostic criteria for the disorder are present for the vast majority of its course, and the period of subthreshold symptoms is very brief relative to the entire course of the disorder.