There are two possible physiological and pathological reasons for women to experience soreness in the lower back and swelling in the breasts before menstruation. Firstly, physiological phenomenon refers to the change of hormone level in women’s body before menstruation. As estrogen and progesterone have a tendency to decrease, it will cause the endometrium to lose the support of corresponding hormone and have the symptoms of withdrawal bleeding, so when women’s pelvic cavity is filled with blood, the ligament will be edematous, therefore it will lead to back pain and discomfort. Pathological causes refer to women suffering from gynecological inflammation, such as endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. The presence of inflammation will lead to excessive pelvic congestion, thus aggravating the corresponding inflammatory symptoms, and there will be obvious discomfort symptoms such as lumbar soreness and swelling, abdominal cramps, etc. Women with long-term menstrual disorders are also prone to lumbar soreness and swelling due to uterine spasms. It is recommended that women pay attention to keeping warm in the premenstrual period to reduce soreness and swelling.