The patient was 62 years old, coughing and shortness of breath for 5 days, coughing a little white sputum for 5 days, shortness of breath after activity, went to the local health center to consider lung infection, given anti-inflammatory fluids, after treatment did not improve but progressively aggravated, dyspnea can not lie down, sitting breathing. He had a history of hypertension and was taking his medication irregularly, and had stopped taking it for 5 days when he became unwell. The emergency blood pressure was as high as 200/120 mmhg and the heart rate was 143 beats/min. The emergency CT showed pulmonary edema and acute heart failure was considered. Patients with hypertension should take antihypertensive drugs regularly, monitor blood pressure daily, and remember not to stop medication blindly if they are unwell, otherwise they may suffer from serious complications such as blood pressure rebound, severe hypertension induced heart failure and stroke. Especially short-acting antihypertensive drugs are prone to rebound when stopped, so it is recommended that hypertensive patients be treated with long-acting antihypertensive drugs.