Infantile fistulas are characterized by the highest incidence within the first three months of life, with natural healing in early childhood but easy recurrence in adolescence, a history of diarrhea before onset, 89.2% occurring at 3 and 9 points between the two sides of the anus, 94% with 1-2 fistulas, single-tube, shallow in nature, and direct opening in the anal fossa; they are common in male infants. The etiology of infant anal fistula: the age of onset is the weakest period of intestinal immune function. The absence or reduction of sIgA secretion from the mucosa of the rectum and anal canal at an early age is the cause of local immune insufficiency of the intestine. sIgA is the main component of local immunity in the newborn intestine. The amount of sIgA contained in breast milk is relatively high and decreases later, and Gu is susceptible to morbidity after the decrease. Infant anal fistula treatment: Infant anal fistulas have a tendency to heal on their own and are generally treated conservatively, but when recurrent episodes affect the normal development of the child, surgery is required. However, there are two difficulties in the surgical treatment of infantile fistulas compared to adult fistulas. The anal sphincter in infants is not yet well developed, and a slightly larger surgical incision can easily lead to anal incontinence or defect; secondly, infants are often uncooperative in changing medications after surgery, often leading to the spread of inflammation or the formation of pseudo-healing due to improper medication changes. The complexity of the pathogenesis determines the diversity of clinical manifestations of complex anal fistulas. The variety of treatment methods, however, leaves a lack of standardization. Therefore, the most appropriate method for the treatment of anal fistula is the best method!