Many patients seek help in dealing with ankle sprains, and the treatment of ankle sprains is reproduced here in the hope that it will be helpful.
Ankle sprains are the highest incidence of sports injuries, occurring mostly when the body loses its center of gravity, steps on someone else’s foot when landing or when the foot is tripped and fallen. When sprained, localized joint swelling and pain can occur and even cause fractures in severe cases.
First, use an elastic bandage to fix the ankle joint, apply ice outside the injury, and fix the ice pack and ankle joint with a bandage.
Second, after a few minutes of fixation (about 3-5 minutes), the bandage can be removed first. At this time, the swelling of the injured part is not yet obvious, and the muscle spasm is also light, so a simple examination can be carried out first.
Third, the purpose of the examination is to determine the possibility of fracture or dislocation, the degree of ligament damage, in order to decide the next step of treatment.
IV. Examination methods.
(1) Note the location of pain and pressure points, the degree of swelling, and whether the joint is deformed.
(2) Internal and external rotation test: Turn the ankle inward to check the extent of the lateral ligament injury (whether the lateral range of motion of the ankle becomes larger or looser when the foot is turned inward). Then turn the ankle joint outward to check the degree of medial ligament injury.
(3) Front drawer test: Hold the upper end of the ankle joint with one hand and push it backward while holding the heel with the other hand and pulling it forward to check whether the range of motion becomes greater (compare with the uninjured side).
(4) If the sprain is only mild, continue to apply ice and compressive dressing and elevate the affected limb. If the sprain is more serious, it should be sent to the doctor for treatment.
V. In ankle rehabilitation treatment.
A physician in San Francisco, U.S.A., proposed a fairly clear process table (shown below), which is explained as follows.
The ankle injury to full recovery is divided into seven different stages.
Stage 1: From the time of injury to the time when the swelling stops increasing
Stage 2: From the time the swelling stops increasing to the time when there is no pain in normal walking
Stage 3: from normal walking without pain to the complete disappearance of swelling
Stage 4: From the time the swelling completely disappears to the time the 75-degree ankle joint is painless in all directions of mobility
Stage 5: From no pain in all directions of movement of the ankle joint at 75 until 75 muscle strength is restored.
Stage 6: From the restoration of 75 muscle strength to the complete absence of pain in all directions of ankle mobility.
Stage 7: From complete pain-free ankle mobility in all directions to 100 muscle strength.
Methods of rehabilitation treatment.
1.Ice: Put crushed ice or ice water in a plastic bag and put it on the injured part for 20 minutes every 4 hours when you are awake.
2, elevation: when you do not need to move it, the injured ankle elevated, at least higher than the waist to be effective.
3.Compression: Wrap the injured part with an elastic bandage, not too loose or too tight, too loose and ineffective easy to fall off, too tight toes will swell and numb, hampering blood circulation.
4, take crutches: take crutches to help walk, the injured foot can not be completely off the ground, or in the range of no pain slightly on the ground to support the weight. But not toe first, because this foot plate down when easy to re-occur inversion sprain, must be like normal walking, let the heel (i.e. heel) first, and then the whole foot on the ground.
5, hydrotherapy: the use of ‘alternating hot and cold hydrotherapy’, the method is as follows.
First, immerse the affected part in 38-40 degrees Celsius, painless range of movement for 4-6 minutes. Immediately change to cold water at 10-16 degrees Celsius for 1-2 minutes. Then return to hot water (as described in 1). Do this 5 times alternating between hot and cold.
The last time must be immersed in hot water. After finishing, elevate the affected part and move it for 5 minutes, then put on an elastic bandage. The above 1-6 is a complete (alternating hot and cold hydrotherapy), after 2-3 times a day, the swelling can be completely reduced in about 1-2 weeks.
There are three principles.
(1) Immerse in warm water for the first and last time.
(2) It is best to move the ankle while immersed in warm water, but still within the range of movement that is not painful.
(3) The duration of immersion in warm water should be longer than the duration of immersion in cold water. The time to immerse in warm water should be longer than the time to immerse in cold water.
6.Move your foot: Within the range of no pain, try to move your ankle in all directions, such as up and down or left and right, and also as an activity to practice ABCD and other letters.
7.Protection: When walking, the ankle should be protected with a fixed patch. General people can use the brace to replace it.
8.Fight against force: Use your own hand to apply force to the ankle, and use the strength of the ankle to fight it. Do not be wrenched by the hand.
9, isotonic exercise: the strength of the ankle to counteract the applied rubber band resistance, which is a kind of plyometric training.
10, isometric plyometric exercise: the use of special ‘isometric exercise’ training machine to strengthen the foot plate upward, downward, inward, outward in all directions of muscle strength.
11.Brisk walking: under no pain or limp, you can speed up the walking speed at will, but still need to land on the heel first.
12.Running: start from jogging, gradually increase the speed of running, and finally can sprint.
13.Circle running: (turn 45 degrees) with a distance of 20 meters as a ‘8’ type of length, do turn 45 degrees type of circle running, the speed from slow and fast.
14, run around: (turn 90 degrees) to 10 meters distance as a ‘8’ length, do a turn 90-degree type of circle running, the speed from slow to fast.
After reading the above article you should learn some sprain treatment skills, the following I will briefly summarize a few sprain treatment and recovery points.
(1) sprain on the spot if the conditions should be immediately ice, depending on the severity of the situation to the hospital or home to deal with their own;
(2) If there is no time to ice, if serious, the same day or the next day there will certainly be edema, it is recommended that the use of Chinese medicine dressing treatment and elevate the injured leg. Shenzhen’s current hospital treatment methods are not the same, personally recommend the Pingle Orthopedic Hospital of Chinese medicine foot dressing and with oral anti-swelling drugs (personally feel that Pingle’s Chinese medicine is good, and the price is not as high as some hospitals outrageous), generally 8 hours to remove the bandage, hot water to scald the foot after open drying for about 1 hour and then put on the Chinese medicine.
(3) In the absence of significant swelling before trying not to let the injured foot on the ground, there are conditions to keep the injured foot elevated (generally higher than the heart). At the same time to assist with physical therapy, the kind of infrared baking lamp can be, baking immediately after the application of Chinese medicine, which is more conducive to the absorption of medicinal effects, help to disperse bruises.
(4) depending on the swelling, two or three weeks later can be supplemented with crutches to walk on the ground, if the foot does not feel obviously swollen, indicating that the peripheral nerves of the foot has recovered, at this time you can use the above-mentioned hot and cold water therapy to help recover, I personally feel that this method works well! Until you can walk alone without crutches.