What is interventional? “Interventional” refers to interventional radiology, which consists of two major components: diagnosis and treatment. It is the application of “non-surgical” methods to diagnose and treat diseases under the monitoring and guidance of X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound and other imaging equipment. “Interventional” is the third major treatment technology based on high technology and characterized by the minimally invasive treatment, which is ranked alongside with medical and surgical treatment. The status and role of intervention in modern tumor treatment Although most tumor patients have lost the chance of radical surgical resection, they still need active and effective treatment. The goal of interventional therapy is high-efficiency, low toxicity and minimally invasive; its direction is a multidisciplinary and multi-technology comprehensive treatment of single disease. Interventional technology itself can independently accomplish the treatment of some tumors, and has a tendency to replace surgical treatment for benign tumors such as uterine fibroids, hepatic hemangiomas, liver and kidney cysts, providing patients with alternative treatment methods. Interventional therapy has been recognized as the treatment of choice for mid- to late-stage liver cancer. Combined with surgery, radiotherapy, biology, immunotherapy and modern high technology, interventional techniques play an active and important role in the comprehensive treatment of tumors. Features of tumor interventional therapy: small trauma: skin incision is only about 2mm; targeting, i.e., highly targeted: it can be directly applied to tumor with little damage to normal tissues; fast recovery: usually normal activities can be performed 12 hours after surgery, and the patient can be discharged from hospital in 3-7 days; repeatable: depending on the condition and treatment needs, it can be performed in stages, multiple times and repeatedly; multiple techniques can be combined: for example, for primary liver cancer, hepatic artery embolization is firstly used, and then hepatic artery embolization is firstly used. For example, for primary hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic artery embolization is used first to close the tumor vessels to the maximum extent, then tumor ablation technology is used to shrink the tumor volume and reduce the tumor load in a shorter period of time, and finally immunobiological therapy is applied in an orderly manner, so as to achieve the ideal effect of synergy, superposition and complementary advantages of treatment by integrating modern medicine and high technology. Which tumors are suitable for interventional treatment? Benign tumors: hepatic hemangioma, hepatic adenoma, hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia, uterine leiomyoma, etc., using super-selective target vessel particle embolization method; liver and kidney cysts using CT or DSA-guided percutaneous puncture drug inactivation method, which can achieve the purpose of radical treatment, and its effect is completely comparable to surgery. Malignant tumors: mainly for patients who cannot be surgically removed or refuse to be surgically removed. Body tumors: malignant tumors such as liver cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, bone and soft tissue malignant tumors, etc. Arterial chemoembolization combined with tumor ablation, followed by complementary immune and Chinese medicine treatment to reduce normal liver tissue damage, improve cellular immune function, reduce tumor load in the short term, and improve patients’ quality of life. Head and neck tumors: infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs via external carotid artery can embolize tumor vessels, effectively control tumors and help relieve symptoms. Tumor complications: tumor comorbidities are often acute and serious, even endangering patients’ lives, such as tracheal stenosis, esophageal stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, tracheo-pleural fistula caused by various benign and malignant tumors, duodenal stenosis and obstructive jaundice caused by various reasons, superior vena cava syndrome and Buga’s syndrome caused by tumors can be treated with internal stent placement; bone metastasis of spine caused by various malignant tumors can be treated with bone cement. treatment, embolization treatment for tumor rupture and bleeding.