Coronary artery disease is caused by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to working atherosclerosis, which leads to insufficient blood supply to the heart, resulting in angina pectoris or myocardial infarction. Percutaneous coronary artery stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery are the two main means of treating coronary artery disease. The former is a non-invasive interventional procedure with fast recovery after surgery, which is more popular among patients, but not all coronary patients can be treated with interventional therapy, and coronary artery bypass surgery still has irreplaceable superiority, and surgical treatment is still needed for left main stem lesions, bifurcation vessel lesions, multi-branch or multi-segment vessel lesions, etc. In terms of long-term results, coronary artery bypass surgery for coronary artery disease with multiple lesions is adequately vascularized and less expensive; while for heart disease with other organic lesions combined (valve disease, large vessel disease, etc.), surgery can eradicate all lesions at the same time. Although surgical treatment is traumatic and recovery is relatively slow, in heart centers where coronary artery bypass surgery is well established, the success rate of the procedure has reached more than 99%, which is similar to that of interventional treatment.