We are going to present the unique treatment methods for PHN and are focusing the point of action of these methods on the sympathetic nerve and dorsal root ganglia, why? Well first understand what the sympathetic nerve is and the role it plays in the normal and pathological physiological activities of the body. There are two major types of vegetative nervous systems that govern the physiological activity of the body, and they are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sympathetic nerves consist of the central part, sympathetic trunk, ganglia, nerves and plexuses, which are located in the heart, blood vessels and various internal organs. The activity of the sympathetic nervous system is widespread. Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves causes vasoconstriction of the abdominal viscera and skin end-vessels, intensification and acceleration of the heartbeat, hyper-metabolism, dilatation of the pupils, and increase in the work capacity of tired muscles. Sympathetic nerve activity mainly ensures the physiological needs of the body during stressful conditions. The parasympathetic nerves are the opposite of the sympathetic nerves, and they work in harmony with each other to maintain the normal life activities of the body. Once the balance of the two is out of balance, that is, we usually say that the plant nerve dysfunction, this is the pathological state, such as in the case of pain stimulation, sympathetic nerve function is too strong, parasympathetic nerve function is relatively inhibited, the pain of the peripheral small blood vessels will contract, so that the pain of the ischemia and hypoxia, tissue fluid exudation increased, further compression of small vessels, forming a vicious circle, aggravating the pain. At this time, if we find a way to inhibit the excitable sympathetic nerves, so that the small blood vessels can be diastolic and improve the circulation, so that the local inflammatory edema subsides, we can play an analgesic and anti-inflammatory role. There are many ways to inhibit the increased excitability of sympathetic nerves, including local irradiation with ultralaser, local treatment with sympathetic pulses, and sympathetic treatment with PCA (i.e., patient-controlled analgesia). The full name of ultralaser is linear polarized light near infrared, with high output power, transmitting more than 5cm of human tissue, wide range of application, non-invasive, painless, high efficacy and low recurrence rate, which is expected to become an important new method for treatment and prevention of diseases in the 21st century. Its therapeutic effect is to achieve thermal, photochemical and other stimulating effects through the regulation of light wavelength and energy, so that the tissue undergoes physicochemical changes, reducing nerve excitability, weakening muscle tension, achieving the purpose of relieving muscle spasm and relieving pain. In addition it can dilate blood vessels, increase blood flow, promote substance metabolism and eliminate inflammation. In conclusion, the treatment of PHN through sympathetic nerve is a targeted treatment with accurate localization, high efficacy and low side effects, which is worthy of clinical promotion. In addition to the above sympathetic nerve treatment for PHN, we can also target the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal cord, as well as the peripheral nerve roots and nerve trunks, which are often more effective than local administration alone. The dorsal root ganglion cells are the primary neurons of pain afferents that link the spinal cord to the internal and external environment of the body, transmitting not only sensory information but also receiving and transmitting pain information from the body, and playing an important role in the production and maintenance of neuropathic pain. For the treatment of dorsal root ganglion, we can combine various methods introduced earlier, among which interventional treatment is the main one, directly under the guidance of imaging equipment, the nerve blocking drugs are accurately segmentally localized to the dorsal root ganglion cells, which not only improves the efficacy but also largely reduces the complications caused by the drugs acting on other sites. Currently, a chemical excision of the dorsal root ganglion is advocated, in which a nerve-destroying drug is pushed into the dorsal root ganglion without affecting the motor function of the spinal cord, which can treat some intractable pain. Traditional nerve-destroying drugs such as anhydrous alcohol are still used in primary care hospitals, but they are slowly being introduced into the history books because of their poor targeting ability and side effects. Currently, we recommend an antineoplastic drug called adriamycin, but antineoplastic drugs are not only applied to treat tumors. Adriamycin has obvious neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, especially it has a strong affinity for the dorsal root ganglion, and the sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion are more sensitive and vulnerable to adriamycin than the motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, so that we can, under the image In this way, we can perform a paravertebral posterior approach puncture under the precise guidance of the monitor and inject small doses of low-concentration adriamycin into the intervertebral foramen to focus the drug on the dorsal root ganglion and perform a selective and destructive block of the dorsal root ganglion without affecting the motor function of the spinal nerve, thus blocking the upload of somatic pain signals and achieving the effect of dorsal root ganglion chemical resection. In conclusion, retrograde ganglion disruption resection with adriamycin for PHN is a safe and effective treatment method, which opens up a new avenue for the comprehensive treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.