Sigmoid adenoma is a lesion that occurs in the mucosa of the rectum, and the lesion is in a raised state, due to cell renewal changes, and is classified as a colon polyp. When sigmoid adenoma is found, it needs to be removed in time to avoid progressive development of the disease. Sigmoid adenomas can be divided into three types: 1) tubular adenomas; 2) villous tubular adenomas; and 3) villous adenomas. The last one is the one with the highest rate of lesion and it is very easy to develop into cancer. The first one is the one with lower chance of cancer, when sigmoid adenoma occurs, there will be abdominal pain and abdominal distension, and it will affect bowel movement, sometimes there will be blood in the stool, and after the disease develops gradually, there will be weakness and weight loss, and even swelling, so when sigmoid adenoma is found, it should be treated at local tertiary hospital in time.