Strabismus in children, mainly refers to the inability of children to gaze at the target with both eyes at the same time, belongs to the extraocular muscle disease, which is related to binocular vision and eye movement, and is clinically divided into two major categories: common strabismus and paralytic strabismus. Strabismus in children is mainly caused by genetic history, trauma or systemic diseases, and the clinical manifestations mainly include internal strabismus, external strabismus, up and down strabismus and other changes. Strabismus in children can be diagnosed by refractive examination, eye movement examination, binocular visual function examination, pulling test, and examination to determine the paralyzed muscles. Treatment of strabismus in children includes amblyopia treatment (precise prescription and masking method), optical treatment (framed glasses, prisms), medication (atropine, botulinum toxin type A), vision correction training, and surgical treatment (muscle weakening surgery, muscle strengthening surgery). Children with strabismus need to go to the hospital in time to check the specific cause and treatment to avoid delay.