Sweeteners are substances that have a sweet taste, but are not sugars, and therefore do not affect blood sugar. The consumption of sweeteners not only does not cause blood sugar fluctuations, but also does not increase the calorie intake of those who consume them, so they can be protected from the threat of elevated blood lipids or weight gain, so they are not only suitable for diabetic patients, but also for obese people and all people above middle age. Sweeteners available for diabetic patients include the following: 1. Xylitol: This taste is sweet and has a low absorption rate, and its metabolic process in the body does not require the participation of insulin, so the rate of blood glucose rise after eating xylitol is much lower than that caused by the consumption of glucose. However, the absorption rate of xylitol in the intestinal tract is less than 20%, so eating too much may cause diarrhea; 2, stevia: is a sweetener extracted from a kind of stevia, sweetness is 300 times higher than sucrose, after consumption does not increase the intake of calories, and does not cause fluctuations in blood sugar; 3, amino sugar or proteoglycans: is a substance synthesized from phenylalanine or aspartic acid, is a relatively new sweetener, sweetness is very high. Fructose: It is a kind of nutritional sweetener which can stimulate the secretion of insulin to a certain extent after entering the blood, and the metabolic process of fructose does not need the action of insulin at the beginning of the process, plus the sweetness of fructose is very high, and a small amount of consumption can satisfy the taste without causing drastic fluctuations of blood sugar. In fact, as long as the glycemic index of food is not high, the impact on blood sugar fluctuations are not significant.