Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is difficult to cure, but progression can be controlled with medication. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an inert leukemia and not all patients need to be treated immediately after diagnosis. 1. It is currently believed that patients in the early stages of the disease do not require treatment and regular follow-up is sufficient. 2. Treatment is needed if disease-related symptoms occur: giant spleen, progressive enlargement of lymph nodes, progressive peripheral blood lymphocytosis, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, progressive bone marrow hematopoietic failure and anemia, and progressive exacerbation of thrombocytopenia. Specific therapeutic drugs include nitrogen mustard phenylbutyrate and zebutinib. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a slowly progressive, proliferative neoplasm of mature B lymphocytes, characterized by the presence of large numbers of clonal B lymphocytes in lymphoid tissues such as peripheral blood, bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes, which are morphologically similar to mature lymphocytes but have abnormal immunological phenotype and function. In conclusion, disease progression can be controlled by medication, but complete cure is more difficult. Specific diagnosis and treatment should be made under the supervision of a physician.