Urinary stones are clinically known as urinary tract stones and can be categorized as kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones and urethral stones according to their location. Kidney stones are a type of urinary tract stones. Kidney stones are mainly stones located inside the kidney in the renal pelvis or calyx. Kidney stones and ureteral stones are collectively known as upper urinary tract stones. Upper urinary tract stones are very easy to combine with urinary tract infections, causing patients with fever, chills and other signs of infection, especially when the stones cause urinary tract obstruction, the infected urine can flow back to the kidneys, a large number of bacteria through the kidneys into the systemic blood circulation can cause systemic infections and even infectious toxic shock, which can be a serious threat to the patient’s life. Patients with kidney stones are advised to go to the hospital as soon as possible and get appropriate treatment in time to avoid serious complications such as kidney function damage or infection caused by stones.