Emphysema is a pathological condition in which the airways at the distal end of the terminal fine bronchi (respiratory fine bronchi, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts, alveoli) become less elastic, overinflated, inflated, and have increased lung volume or are accompanied by destruction of the airway walls. In simple terms, it is caused by overinflation and rupture of the alveoli. Therefore, the recognition of emphysema can help to better treat the disease. I. What are the causes of emphysema? 1. History of chronic diseases: Many people have chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma and pulmonary fibrosis before they get emphysema, and these diseases can also be transformed into emphysema. 2. Environmental causes: People inhale air containing chemical substances for years, which stimulates the airways, weakens the filtering effect of the airways, causes airway irritation, and makes it easy to form emphysema over time. 3, smoking: paper cigarettes contain a variety of harmful ingredients such as tar nicotine and carbon dioxide, these harmful substances can inhibit the reflexivity of bronchial mucous membrane cilia activity, causing bronchospasm weakening, inducing emphysema. 4, infection: respiratory viral and bacterial infections have a definite relationship with the occurrence of emphysema. Infection can cause bronchial mucosa congestion and edema, glandular hyperplasia, hyper-secretory function, thickening and narrowing of the wall, causing airway obstruction and lung infection. 5, genetic factors: In recent years, it has been found that genetics has a definite relationship with the occurrence of emphysema, and A1-antitrypsin is a genetic factor that reduces A1-antitrypsin. 6. Cough: If coughing is prolonged and prolonged, it leads to deficiency of the lungs and kidneys, shortness of breath, loss of lung circulation, shortness of breath and fullness of lung gas, which leads to emphysema.