Mediastinal tumors are relatively complex diseases, as they are divided into type A thymoma, which is relatively benign, type C thymic carcinoma, which is relatively malignant, and type B thymoma, which is in between. For thymic tumors with intact envelope and early preoperative stage, minimally invasive approach is most often used to solve the problem. Minimally invasive surgery is to make a longitudinal incision of about 3-4 cm under the saber, and through a series of special thoracoscopic surgical instruments, the whole thymus tumor is removed and the surrounding fatty tissue is cleared. The procedure will be based on the preoperative CT to determine the preoperative staging, and according to the staging, different procedures will be given. The specific surgical procedures include open thoracotomy, longitudinal sternotomy, minimally invasive thymectomy, and even larger transverse sternotomy, L-shaped incision, or more complicated pericardial resection, pneumonectomy, vascular replacement, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to summarize the surgical methods for mediastinal tumors in one sentence.