(A) Early gastric cancer With the continuous development and maturity of endoscopic instruments and techniques, and the deeper understanding of early gastric cancer, the technology of endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer has become mature, and the literature reports that the efficacy is comparable to that of surgery. With the continuous development and maturity of endoscopic instruments and techniques, and the deeper understanding of early gastric cancer, the technology of endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer has become mature, and the literature reports that the efficacy is comparable to that of surgery. Moreover, it has the advantages of less damage to the organism and can be repeatedly treated for suspected recurrence. At present, there are three methods commonly carried out at home and abroad: 1) direct endoscopic resection; 2) direct endoscopic injection of chemotherapeutic drugs and iodized oil (microspheres); 3) endoscopic laser treatment. Endoscopic direct resection is performed by biopsy of the suspected lesion during gastroscopy, and the lesion is removed directly after pathological confirmation using a larger biopsy forceps. Endoscopic direct injection of drugs and iodinated oil emulsion into the lesion is a further development of intra-arterial chemoembolization to embolize the lesion and lymph nodes. yoshimura (1995) reported direct endoscopic injection of iodinated oil epi-amycin emulsion into early gastric cancer lesions with good iodized oil deposition in the lesion at 7 days postoperative follow-up using CT and achieved very good results. Direct endoscopic laser treatment has been reported, and Ohyama (1996) demonstrated by using animal experiments that MTX-CH (a type of MTX microspheres) can remain in the lesion and surrounding lymph nodes for a long time, and his clinical study compared two groups of patients who were injected with MTX-CH alone (250-1500 mg) and those who underwent surgical eradication resection (50-250 mg) after injection, and found that Most of the radical specimens disappeared or safely necrosis within the lesion, while patients with simple injection had complete disappearance of the lesion with 4 to 24 months follow-up, while there was no enlargement of surrounding lymph nodes. spinelli (1995) reported the results of 350 cases of gastric cancer treated with Nd:YGA laser, including 27 cases of early gastric cancer, and the 5-year survival rate was 97%, while the complication rate was 6%. The successful development of the above three techniques indicates that non-surgical radical treatment of early gastric cancer has become possible. (B) Interventional treatment for curable middle and advanced gastric cancer It is difficult to further improve the long-term survival of gastric cancer by pure surgical radical resection of middle and advanced gastric cancer, and the combination of surgical resection and interventional treatment has been continuously accepted, specifically in the following three aspects: 1. Treatment before surgical radical treatment. There are two aspects of interventional treatment before radical treatment: (1) preoperative treatment for curable gastric cancer; (2) stage II surgical resection for incurable gastric cancer with reduced lesions after interventional treatment. Preoperative intervention for curable gastric cancer can significantly improve the long-term survival rate, which has been widely reported in Japan, Europe and America. The main advantages of preoperative treatment for curable gastric cancer are to reduce recurrence and metastasis and to reduce intraoperative bleeding. Stage II surgical resection of lesion shrinkage after interventional treatment for curable gastric cancer. 6 cases (5.6%) of 108 gastric cancer patients reported by Zhongshan Hospital (1995) obtained stage II surgical resection after using intra-arterial chemoembolization for curable gastric cancer. 2. Treatment after surgical radical resection. After radical surgery for gastric cancer, interventional treatment can reduce or prevent local recurrence and metastasis. At present, the more mature methods include One-shot bolus chemoinfusion and Long-term chemoinfusion, both of which are reported in domestic and foreign literature to have better immediate and long-term efficacy than radical surgery alone. 3. “Survival with tumor” is proposed. Interventional treatment of advanced gastric cancer includes two aspects, one is to treat the tumor; the other is to reduce patients’ pain and improve their survival quality. The latter includes percutaneous gastroectomy (PG) and metal stent implantation, which are mainly used for patients who cannot eat due to obstruction and can improve their physical and general condition. ～The mortality rate within 30 days is between 6% and 11%, which is significantly lower than the mortality rate of surgical fistulas. Metal endoprosthesis is mainly used for stenosis caused by anastomotic recurrence after radical treatment of gastric cancer, firstly reported by Kromer, and clinically and experimentally reported by Chu Jianguo and Yang Renjie. Survival of gastric cancer patients with tumor” is a new concept proposed in recent years with the continuous development of interventional-based non-surgical treatment methods. It refers to the long-term survival (at least 5 years) after (1) metastasis occurs in other parts of stomach cancer after radical treatment and cannot be removed surgically; (2) distant metastasis is present at the time of detection of stomach cancer and cannot be removed surgically, and the lesion is controlled or disappears through interventional treatment. At present, the most used interventional treatment at home and abroad includes simultaneous chemoembolization for primary and metastatic lesions with abundant tumor vasculature, and continuous long-term arteriovenous chemotherapy infusion with buried arteriovenous chemotherapy pumps for those without abundant tumor vasculature.