Hepatomegaly is an abnormal presentation of the liver on examination as well as on imaging. It is an increase in the size or shape of the liver, but is not a specific disease. There are many clinical conditions that can cause hepatomegaly. Common factors include infections, tumors, stasis, metabolic abnormalities, cholestasis, immunity, and genetics. Specific diseases include viral hepatitis, hepatomegaly, autoimmune liver disease, primary liver cancer, liver cysts, and intrahepatic cholestasis. Since hepatomegaly is only a manifestation of imaging or physical examination, whether it is serious or not needs to be judged by clinical symptoms as well as liver function and other related auxiliary tests. Some causes of hepatomegaly will eventually lead to serious consequences, while some causes of hepatomegaly can be completely cured and the liver can return to its normal form. The severity of the disease course varies even for different stages of the same disease. However, all causes of hepatomegaly, if not given timely treatment, may eventually cause cirrhosis of the liver, resulting in serious consequences and endangering the life of the patient.