Esophageal cancer ypT2N1M0 is stage IIIA, which belongs to the pathological staging after neoadjuvant therapy. Esophageal cancer belongs to malignant tumor disease of esophagus, according to the 8th edition of TNM staging guideline for esophageal cancer, on the basis of 7th edition of pTNM pathological staging, the pathological staging after neoadjuvant therapy, i.e. ypTNM staging, is added. According to ypTNM staging criteria, ypT2N1M0 is attributed to stage IIIA, in which T2 represents that the tumor has invaded the intrinsic muscular layer of the esophagus, N1 represents that the tumor has appeared metastasis in 1~2 regional lymph nodes, and M0 refers to that no distant metastasis has occurred. Pathologic staging of esophageal cancer plays an important role in the choice of treatment plan for esophageal cancer and can assess the prognosis to some extent.