We often encounter patients with itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose and stuffy nose complaining about their “daily cold” in the clinic. In fact, this is not necessarily a cold, but may be a symptom of allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is generally divided into two types: perennial and seasonal. Seasonal allergic rhinitis is also known as “hay fever”, as the name implies it is a special seasonal attack, perennial allergic rhinitis is a year-round attack, but the cold weather or temperature changes in winter are the most obvious. Strictly speaking, allergic rhinitis is currently incurable. However, with awareness and active prevention and treatment, it can still be controlled. Or to avoid complications. The treatment of allergic rhinitis consists of avoiding contact with allergens, medication and immunotherapy. What are the common allergens? Currently, although the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is not well understood, it is certain that if the body does not inhale allergens, then it will not develop. Therefore, avoiding or minimizing contact with allergens is essential to prevent allergic rhinitis. The most important allergens in the home are dust mites, molds, pets, and insects. Dust mites tend to grow in dusty places, and they feed on human dander, so there are more dust mites and their excretions in close contact with human bedding and underwear, which are the main allergens that cause perennial allergic rhinitis. Secondly, domestic pets, such as cats, dogs, birds and other thermostatic animals also contain allergenic substances in their dander and saliva. In addition, molds that tend to grow in humid, warm, poorly ventilated living environments and a variety of insects, including crickets, flies, moths, and especially cockroach excrement, are important allergens. How to avoid allergens? First, comprehensive and thorough cleaning of the room is the best way to reduce allergens. Such as timely removal of books and newspapers in the bedroom; to dry clothes before collection; to strengthen indoor ventilation, the use of effective exhaust equipment; often clean the surface of furniture and furniture, television sets, sofas, refrigerators behind the dust; to reduce the dust particles in the air of the room, but also try to use high-efficiency particle filters or other air filtration equipment; for families with allergic rhinitis patients it is best not to use carpets, even if you want to use. You should also use washable carpets. Secondly, mattresses, curtains, sofa covers, pillows and bedding, carpets are good places for dust mites to grow and can be washed regularly in hot water because dust mites can be killed at a certain temperature; of course, anti-allergen bedding can also be used. Second, in the home with allergic patients should avoid keeping pets, if you must have a pet, try not to choose a cat, but a dog, try to avoid pets into the bedroom, adhere to once a week for the pet bath also helps to reduce the allergens carried by pets; of course, proper management of stored food can effectively curb the reproduction of cockroaches; reduce the growth of indoor plants, is also an effective means to prevent the reproduction of mold. Thirdly, hay fever often strikes during the flowering season, and pollen allergens are mostly seasonal. When the pollen content in the air is high (5:00 to 10:00 in the morning is the peak pollen time; in windy weather, the concentration of pollen in the air is also correspondingly high), you should stay indoors as much as possible and close doors and windows, reduce outdoor activities, or use air conditioners or reduce the number of window openings, try to use air filters and other methods; usually pollen It is easy to accumulate in people’s hair and clothes, after going out and coming home using a shower can remove the allergens on the body; laundry is dried in a dryer after washing and avoid drying outside in the sun; to outdoor activities, wearing a mask will also help to prevent disease. In addition, environmental irritants such as cigarette smoke, perfumes, cosmetics, soaps, shampoos, etc. can cause nasal symptoms similar to allergic rhinitis and can also aggravate allergic rhinitis symptoms, so contact with these substances should be avoided as much as possible. In fact, allergic rhinitis is the body’s defensive response to environmental allergens. Sneezing and running clear snot can eliminate allergens from the body, and nasal congestion can reduce the inhalation of allergens. If contact with allergens can be avoided, allergic rhinitis will not occur naturally. Of course, the most important thing about the attack of allergic rhinitis is the physical state of the individual. In the same environment, some people have an attack of allergic rhinitis while most people do not have any reaction. This means that the immune function or physical state of the body is more important. Therefore, for patients with allergic rhinitis, avoiding contact with allergens is the first step in treatment, and more importantly, strengthening physical exercise to improve the body’s resistance. For patients with mild disease, sometimes the symptoms of the disease can be controlled simply by avoiding exposure to allergens, but when this method is not effective, you should actively go to a regular hospital, consult a specialist, and consider the use of drug therapy and immunotherapy.