HPV infection alone is usually not fatal, but it may lead to death if cervical cancer develops. HPV, known as human papillomavirus, is spread primarily through sexual contact and other direct contact methods. HPV infects the skin or mucous membranes of the body, causing changes such as proliferation of the squamous epithelium. Most patients with HPV infection can be cured after aggressive and effective treatment, which usually does not lead to death, but a few patients are at risk of recurrence and cancer. Therefore, HPV infection alone does not cause death, but patients infected with HPV who are not treated in a timely manner are at risk of developing cancer. If the disease progresses to cervical cancer and is not detected in time for treatment, it may eventually lead to death. Patients infected with HPV should seek medical attention, follow the doctor’s instructions and have regular checkups.