What to do with a herniated lumbar disc depends on whether it causes clinical symptoms. If there are no symptoms or the clinical symptoms are mild and only a herniated lumbar disc is found on imaging, no special clinical treatment is needed for such a patient. However, if the herniated lumbar disc causes low back pain and radiating pain in the lower extremities, treatment is required. The treatment is chosen according to the severity of the condition. Non-surgical treatment is suitable for ① patients with first onset and short duration of disease; ② those whose symptoms can be relieved by themselves after rest; ③ those who cannot perform surgery due to systemic diseases or local skin diseases; ④ those who do not agree to surgery. The patient can be treated with medication, physiotherapy, acupuncture, massage, nerve block, etc. Surgery is suitable for the following people ① those who have severe symptoms of low back pain, recurring attacks, ineffective after more than six months of non-surgical treatment, and whose condition gradually worsens and affects work and life; ② those who have cauda equina syndrome with central prominence and sphincter dysfunction should be operated as an emergency; ③ those who have obvious manifestations of nerve involvement. Traditional open surgery, microsurgical lumbar disc removal and minimally invasive disc removal surgery can be used.