Anoscopy is an instrument used to examine rectal lesions, and the patient is required to undergo this test in strict compliance with the doctor’s instructions. Anoscopy is used to examine the endoscope of the rectum, the anal canal, the end of the rectum and lesions around the dentate line, and also to perform biopsies. It can be performed on patients with symptoms of anorectal diseases such as blood in the stool, pain, prolapse, and swelling, and on patients with unexplained diarrhea and blood in the stool. However, the examination is prohibited for patients with anal canal and rectal stenosis, and patients with anal fissure or perirectal abscess should not undergo anoscopy, and suspected rectal perforation, systemic organic diseases, serious mental illness and women’s menstrual period, etc., are also prohibited from the examination. At the same time, patients need to empty their bowels before the examination, and take the side lying position, fully exposing the anus. The doctor should also explain to the patient the purpose of the examination and the possible symptoms of discomfort. Patients are advised to cooperate actively with the doctor for anoscopy after assessment by the doctor according to their own situation.