There are seven classes of oral hypoglycemic drugs commonly used in diabetes now. The first class is the biguanide class, the main representative of the biguanide class is metformin, this class of drugs is now the first-line drugs of choice for type 2 diabetes. For some obese or overweight diabetic patients, it can further control weight; the second class of drugs is sulfonylureas, sulfonylureas mainly through the promotion of insulin secretion of the pancreas to play a role in lowering blood sugar, the hypoglycemic effect of this drug is relatively strong, so for the control of blood sugar in diabetes is more suitable, and is also an economic drug, for some elderly people prone to hypoglycemia For some elderly people who are prone to hypoglycemia, they should pay attention to some reactions of hypoglycemia that may occur, and they should be cautious when choosing this kind of drugs. The third category of drugs is glucosidase inhibitors, which mainly inhibit glucosidase in the digestive tract and delay the absorption of glucose, thus delaying the peak of blood glucose increase and playing the role of stabilizing and lowering blood glucose; the fourth category is thiazolidinediones, which are insulin sensitizers and can increase the body’s sensitivity to insulin and play the role of lowering blood glucose; the fifth category is glinides, which also promote insulin secretion and play the role of lowering blood glucose. It also promotes insulin secretion and plays a role in lowering blood sugar, but it has a shorter onset of action compared to traditional sulfonylureas and has a shorter duration of action, so it is relatively safe and less likely to cause hypoglycemia, and it is a more suitable choice for the elderly or those with impaired liver and kidney function. The sixth category is the new drug DPP-4 inhibitor, which mainly inhibits the intestinal DPP-4 enzyme in the body to increase the level of intestinal glucagon in the body, thus promoting the release of insulin in the body, so that the body insulin reaches a more appropriate concentration and plays a role in lowering blood sugar, this drug is also relatively safe, the incidence of hypoglycemia is relatively small, and other side effects in the gastrointestinal tract are relatively rare, so it is also a more suitable choice for middle-aged and elderly people. The seventh category is SGLT-2 inhibitor, which mainly reduces the glucose in the body by increasing the excretion of urine glucose, thus playing a role in controlling blood glucose, this drug promotes the excretion of glucose, which means that the glucose in the body is excreted from the urine, reducing the absorption of glucose. So it can also reduce weight, and is a more suitable choice for some overweight and obese patients.