Adolescents experience significant physical changes compared to childhood, mainly in terms of rapid height and weight gain and the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Puberty is the transition from childhood to adulthood. Females usually reach puberty two years earlier than males, and there are both similarities and differences between female and male puberty. Both boys and girls experience a rapid increase in height and weight during puberty, mainly due to the production of large amounts of growth hormone, as well as a rapid increase in the weight of bones and muscles throughout the body. During puberty, boys and girls develop secondary sexual characteristics. Boys will grow a laryngeal knot, their voices will become thicker, and they will develop whiskers, pubic hair, and armpit hair; girls’ voices will become shrill and high, their breasts will bulge, their pelvises will enlarge, and their hips will increase in size and become more rounded. At the same time, the sex organs of both sexes develop rapidly during puberty, with spermatorrhea occurring in boys and menstruation in girls.