The cause of thyroid nodules needs to be identified. Physiological causes can be relieved by adjusting lifestyle and diet; pathologically induced thyroid nodules need to be treated with anti-thyroid medication under the guidance of a doctor, such as propylthiouracil, methimazole, etc., and malignant thyroid nodules need to be treated with surgery. Physiological causes: iodine deficiency or excess, emotional stimulation, etc., which can be treated by adjusting diet and emotion. Pathological causes: nodular toxic goiter, thyroid cancer, etc. Therapeutic drugs include propylthiouracil and methimazole. Propylthiouracil reduces the activity of thyroxine by inhibiting the conversion of T4 to T3, thus reducing the size of nodules; methimazole slows down the growth of thyroid nodules by inhibiting the peroxidase enzyme of the thyroid gland, thus inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Malignant thyroid nodules are treated surgically. If the patient has thyroid nodules, the thyroid function should be rechecked regularly and medication should be administered under the guidance of the doctor on a regular basis, rather than blindly self-medication. Malignant thyroid nodules should be treated with surgery.